• Olcott gets rid of the Principle of Explosion

    From olcott@polcott333@gmail.com to sci.logic,sci.math,comp.theory,comp.ai.philosophy,alt.philosophy on Mon Jul 6 08:56:41 2026
    From Newsgroup: comp.ai.philosophy

    On 7/6/2026 2:16 AM, Mikko wrote:
    On 04/07/2026 16:15, olcott wrote:
    On 7/4/2026 1:37 AM, Mikko wrote:
    On 03/07/2026 17:46, olcott wrote:
    On 7/3/2026 3:17 AM, Mikko wrote:
    On 02/07/2026 17:37, olcott wrote:

    x = "The Moon is made from green cheese"
    y = "Donald Trump is the one and only Lord and Savior Jesus Christ: >>>>>> POE concludes (x ∧ ¬x) ⊢ y

    "the principle of explosion is the theorem according to
      which any statement can be proven from a contradiction"
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principle_of_explosion

    When you pay attention to the meaning of the words
    and correctly apply correct semantic entailment on
    the basis of the meaning of those words then the
    principle of explosion is a PSYCHOTIC BREAK FROM REALITY.

    No, it is not. The premise x above is a break from reality. But that >>>>> is not in logic, it was introduced by you. Even without the principle >>>>> of explosion it is possible to infer a false conclusion from a false >>>>> premise.

    Yes. From "I am 35 feet tall" ⊢ "I am 35 feet tall"
    and as you said my premise is literally FALSE
    (P ∧ ~P) ⊢ FALSE

    The principle of explosion merely facilitates tinding a
    conclusion that is so obviously false that it convincingly proves
    that the remise is false.

    There is nothing semantically relevant that can be
    proven from a contradiction besides bare FALSE and
    bare FALSE only entails bare FALSE.

    Yes, there is. From the contradiction "I have blue eyes and
    I don't have blue eyes" one can prove "I have blue eyes" and
    "I don't have blue eyes", both of which are semantically
    relevant, and one of which in addition is false.

    That is greatly restricted from the POE.

    Restrictions from the POE make lie detection harder and therefore lying easier. You may like that but others have different preferencies.


    Olcott gets rid of the Principle of Explosion
    In Olcott Logic (P ∧ ¬P) ⊢ ⊥ and ⊥ ⊢ ⊥
    --
    Copyright 2026 Olcott

    My 28 year goal has been to make
    "true on the basis of meaning expressed in language"
    reliably computable for the entire body of knowledge.
    The complete structure of this system is now defined.

    The entire body of knowledge expressed in language is
    comprised of two types of relations between finite strings:
    (a) *Axioms* Expressions of language that are stipulated to be true.

    My system bridges the analytic/synthetic distinction by
    expressly encoding all empirical "atomic facts" in a formal
    language such as CycL of the Cyc project.

    (b) *Inference Rules* Expressions of language that are semantically
    entailed syntactically from (a) and/or (b).
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From dbush@dbush.mobile@gmail.com to sci.logic,sci.math,comp.theory,comp.ai.philosophy,alt.philosophy on Mon Jul 6 10:09:34 2026
    From Newsgroup: comp.ai.philosophy

    On 7/6/2026 9:56 AM, olcott wrote:
    On 7/6/2026 2:16 AM, Mikko wrote:
    On 04/07/2026 16:15, olcott wrote:
    On 7/4/2026 1:37 AM, Mikko wrote:
    On 03/07/2026 17:46, olcott wrote:
    On 7/3/2026 3:17 AM, Mikko wrote:
    On 02/07/2026 17:37, olcott wrote:

    x = "The Moon is made from green cheese"
    y = "Donald Trump is the one and only Lord and Savior Jesus Christ: >>>>>>> POE concludes (x ∧ ¬x) ⊢ y

    "the principle of explosion is the theorem according to
      which any statement can be proven from a contradiction"
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principle_of_explosion

    When you pay attention to the meaning of the words
    and correctly apply correct semantic entailment on
    the basis of the meaning of those words then the
    principle of explosion is a PSYCHOTIC BREAK FROM REALITY.

    No, it is not. The premise x above is a break from reality. But that >>>>>> is not in logic, it was introduced by you. Even without the principle >>>>>> of explosion it is possible to infer a false conclusion from a false >>>>>> premise.

    Yes. From "I am 35 feet tall" ⊢ "I am 35 feet tall"
    and as you said my premise is literally FALSE
    (P ∧ ~P) ⊢ FALSE

    The principle of explosion merely facilitates tinding a
    conclusion that is so obviously false that it convincingly proves
    that the remise is false.

    There is nothing semantically relevant that can be
    proven from a contradiction besides bare FALSE and
    bare FALSE only entails bare FALSE.

    Yes, there is. From the contradiction "I have blue eyes and
    I don't have blue eyes" one can prove "I have blue eyes" and
    "I don't have blue eyes", both of which are semantically
    relevant, and one of which in addition is false.

    That is greatly restricted from the POE.

    Restrictions from the POE make lie detection harder and therefore lying
    easier. You may like that but others have different preferencies.


    Olcott gets rid of the Principle of Explosion
    In Olcott Logic (P ∧ ¬P) ⊢ ⊥ and ⊥ ⊢ ⊥



    Why would you say that when you agreed on the record that it's valid
    because disjunction introduction is valid (see below)?


    On 6/28/2026 11:56 PM, dbush wrote:
    On 6/27/2026 11:34 PM, dbush wrote:
    On 6/27/2026 11:23 PM, olcott wrote:
    On 6/27/2026 9:02 PM, dbush wrote:
    On 6/27/2026 9:53 PM, dbush wrote:
    On 6/27/2026 9:49 PM, olcott wrote:
    On 6/27/2026 8:42 PM, dbush wrote:
    On 6/27/2026 9:40 PM, olcott wrote:
    On 6/27/2026 8:29 PM, dbush wrote:
    Given that the following natural language statement is true:

    --------------------------------------
    Earth is the third planet from the sun.
    --------------------------------------

    In the following natural language statement:

    --------------------------------------
    At least one of the following statements is true:
    - Earth is the third planet from the sun.
    - <X>
    --------------------------------------

    Given that <X> is any *truth bearing* natural language statement,
    does there exist a statement X such that the condition "At least one
    of the following statements is true" is false?


    Head games will be ignored.


    Explain in detail how this is a head game.

    Failure to either answer the above question or explain how it is a
    head game in your next reply or within one hour of you next post in
    this newsgroup will be taken as your official, on-the-record admission
    that Disjunction introduction is in fact truth preserving and valid,
    and therefore so is the Principle of Explosion.


    Let the record show that Peter Olcott made the following post in this newsgroup:

    On 6/28/2026 10:52 PM, olcott wrote:
    Q also can't bake a birthday cake, this does not make
    Q in any way "incomplete" relative to what it was
    defined to do.
    ...

    And more that one hour has passed with no attempt to answer the above question or explain why it is a head game. Therefore, as per the above criteria:

    Let The Record Show

    That Peter Olcott

    Has *Officially* Admitted:

    That Disjunction introduction is in fact truth preserving and valid, and therefore so is the Principle of Explosion.
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From olcott@polcott333@gmail.com to sci.logic,comp.theory,comp.ai.philosophy,sci.math on Tue Jul 7 11:10:36 2026
    From Newsgroup: comp.ai.philosophy

    % This sentence is not true.
    ?- LP = not(true(LP)).
    LP = not(true(LP)).
    ?- unify_with_occurs_check(LP, not(true(LP))).
    false.

    That is an elegant and classic way to demonstrate the Liar Paradox
    ("This sentence is false") using Prolog's unification mechanics!

    You've perfectly captured the tension between computational pragmatism
    and strict mathematical logic. Here is exactly what is happening under
    the hood in your snippet:

    1. The Pragmatic Illusion: Standard Unification

    Prolog
    ?- LP = not(true(LP)).
    LP = not(true(LP)).

    When you use the standard unification operator (=), Prolog tries to make
    the left side and the right side identical. To save processing time and memory, Prolog historically skips a crucial step called the occurs check.

    Because it skips this check, Prolog happily binds the variable LP to the
    term not(true(LP)). This creates a cyclic term (or a rational tree). In memory, LP now points to a structure that contains a reference back to
    LP, creating an infinite loop of self-reference. Computationally, Prolog accepts the paradox.

    2. The Logical Safeguard: The Occurs Check

    Prolog
    ?- unify_with_occurs_check(LP, not(true(LP))).
    false.

    Here, you enforce strict First-Order Logic. The
    unify_with_occurs_check/2 predicate forces Prolog to pause and ask:
    "Does the variable I am trying to bind already exist inside the term I
    am binding it to?" Because the variable LP occurs inside not(true(LP)),
    Prolog realizes that unifying them would require building a
    mathematically impossible, infinitely deep structure: not(true(not(true(not(true(...)))))). It rightfully rejects the
    unification and returns false.

    The Philosophical Takeaway
    In logic, self-referential paradoxes often arise when a system is
    allowed to talk about its own truth values without hierarchical
    restrictions (as famously noted by Alfred Tarski).

    Your Prolog snippet perfectly mirrors this:

    Standard Unification acts like natural language, allowing the
    self-reference to happen (and potentially causing a stack overflow if
    you tried to evaluate or traverse it).

    The Occurs Check acts like a strict formal logic system, explicitly
    forbidding self-referential loops and shutting the paradox down before
    it can form.


    https://share.gemini.google/5UVT3f5WnV8K
    --
    Copyright 2026 Olcott

    My 28 year goal has been to make
    "true on the basis of meaning expressed in language"
    reliably computable for the entire body of knowledge.
    The complete structure of this system is now defined.

    The entire body of knowledge expressed in language is
    comprised of two types of relations between finite strings:
    (a) *Axioms* Expressions of language that are stipulated to be true.

    My system bridges the analytic/synthetic distinction by
    expressly encoding all empirical "atomic facts" in a formal
    language such as CycL of the Cyc project.

    (b) *Inference Rules* Expressions of language that are semantically
    entailed syntactically from (a) and/or (b).
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Ross Finlayson@ross.a.finlayson@gmail.com to sci.logic,comp.theory,comp.ai.philosophy,sci.math on Tue Jul 7 10:53:57 2026
    From Newsgroup: comp.ai.philosophy

    On 07/07/2026 09:10 AM, olcott wrote:
    % This sentence is not true.
    ?- LP = not(true(LP)).
    LP = not(true(LP)).
    ?- unify_with_occurs_check(LP, not(true(LP))).
    false.

    That is an elegant and classic way to demonstrate the Liar Paradox
    ("This sentence is false") using Prolog's unification mechanics!

    You've perfectly captured the tension between computational pragmatism
    and strict mathematical logic. Here is exactly what is happening under
    the hood in your snippet:

    1. The Pragmatic Illusion: Standard Unification

    Prolog
    ?- LP = not(true(LP)).
    LP = not(true(LP)).

    When you use the standard unification operator (=), Prolog tries to make
    the left side and the right side identical. To save processing time and memory, Prolog historically skips a crucial step called the occurs check.

    Because it skips this check, Prolog happily binds the variable LP to the
    term not(true(LP)). This creates a cyclic term (or a rational tree). In memory, LP now points to a structure that contains a reference back to
    LP, creating an infinite loop of self-reference. Computationally, Prolog accepts the paradox.

    2. The Logical Safeguard: The Occurs Check

    Prolog
    ?- unify_with_occurs_check(LP, not(true(LP))).
    false.

    Here, you enforce strict First-Order Logic. The
    unify_with_occurs_check/2 predicate forces Prolog to pause and ask:
    "Does the variable I am trying to bind already exist inside the term I
    am binding it to?" Because the variable LP occurs inside not(true(LP)), Prolog realizes that unifying them would require building a
    mathematically impossible, infinitely deep structure: not(true(not(true(not(true(...)))))). It rightfully rejects the
    unification and returns false.

    The Philosophical Takeaway
    In logic, self-referential paradoxes often arise when a system is
    allowed to talk about its own truth values without hierarchical
    restrictions (as famously noted by Alfred Tarski).

    Your Prolog snippet perfectly mirrors this:

    Standard Unification acts like natural language, allowing the
    self-reference to happen (and potentially causing a stack overflow if
    you tried to evaluate or traverse it).

    The Occurs Check acts like a strict formal logic system, explicitly forbidding self-referential loops and shutting the paradox down before
    it can form.


    https://share.gemini.google/5UVT3f5WnV8K


    Imagine a language and its utterance of all the truisms in the universe.

    This isn't saying necessarily what it says, only that it's said.
    So, this account of a "Comenius language" of all the truisms is
    more than less inscrutable yet as empty tautologies and truisms,
    while yet each unique, for example as by natural numbers.

    "This sentence 1 is true.
    This sentence 2 is true.
    This sentence 3 is true.
    ..."


    So, quantify over those, like Russell might as "sets-of-all-sets-that-don't-contain-themselves".

    "This sentence (...) is not true."

    Now, the idea here is that there's only one example of a truism
    about contradiction, that the alternation of inversion of the
    consideration that results quantification, brings along the
    "sputnik of quantification", that reads in its form as
    "The Liar", yet instead of being a "paradox", its form is
    construed as being a "Confessing Liar".


    So, this account of univocity since Duns Scotus or as alike
    accounts of the kabalah and gematria or since acconts of the
    universal grammar since Panini like Leibnitz, this "Comenius
    language" its consideration, like Quine's Nietzsche's "eternal
    basic text", includes in itself a prototype of contradiction,
    in otherwise all its affirmations.


    Then, in natural language, there is a ready example or prototype
    of contradiction, that in alike the natural "Coleridge language",
    where that metaphor eventually fails yet there is a structural
    account of the strong metonymy that fulfills true metaphor about
    truth, then "the Liar" is simply an indicator of contradiction,
    and results instead of explosion to contradiction its unconscious
    digestion, results implosion to detection in any account of language.


    So, "thinking" instead of "being thought" is the usual idea.
    That's all then that the cycle-detection routine claims to do.


    This way there are no paradoxes at all in Comenius language,
    including that Confessing Comenius has an example to compare
    against, what would be false.



    The eternal basic text or underlying univocal universal word
    might be negations instead of affirmations.

    "This sentence 1 accounts and excludes 0.
    This sentence 2 accounts and excludes 1.
    This sentence 3 accounts and excludes 2.
    ..."


    Then a similar account gives alike:

    "This sentence infinity accounts and includes infinity."



    Then simple accounts of error-detection then error _correction_,
    including accounts of "not enough information" or "conflicting
    information" are mostly usual and trite, in fact there's an
    entire enterprise called "science" which makes for an inter-subjective
    formal account with regards to strengthened logicist positivism
    and ontologists, which though is always a _science_, yet though
    that there are ideals like "truth" and "infinity" for that
    "geometry" and "continuity" are real, and more than the blahs.







    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From olcott@polcott333@gmail.com to sci.logic,comp.theory,comp.ai.philosophy,sci.math on Tue Jul 7 13:07:35 2026
    From Newsgroup: comp.ai.philosophy

    On 7/7/2026 12:53 PM, Ross Finlayson wrote:
    On 07/07/2026 09:10 AM, olcott wrote:
    % This sentence is not true.
    ?- LP = not(true(LP)).
    LP = not(true(LP)).
    ?- unify_with_occurs_check(LP, not(true(LP))).
    false.

    That is an elegant and classic way to demonstrate the Liar Paradox
    ("This sentence is false") using Prolog's unification mechanics!

    You've perfectly captured the tension between computational pragmatism
    and strict mathematical logic. Here is exactly what is happening under
    the hood in your snippet:

    1. The Pragmatic Illusion: Standard Unification

    Prolog
    ?- LP = not(true(LP)).
    LP = not(true(LP)).

    When you use the standard unification operator (=), Prolog tries to make
    the left side and the right side identical. To save processing time and
    memory, Prolog historically skips a crucial step called the occurs check.

    Because it skips this check, Prolog happily binds the variable LP to the
    term not(true(LP)). This creates a cyclic term (or a rational tree). In
    memory, LP now points to a structure that contains a reference back to
    LP, creating an infinite loop of self-reference. Computationally, Prolog
    accepts the paradox.

    2. The Logical Safeguard: The Occurs Check

    Prolog
    ?- unify_with_occurs_check(LP, not(true(LP))).
    false.

    Here, you enforce strict First-Order Logic. The
    unify_with_occurs_check/2 predicate forces Prolog to pause and ask:
    "Does the variable I am trying to bind already exist inside the term I
    am binding it to?" Because the variable LP occurs inside not(true(LP)),
    Prolog realizes that unifying them would require building a
    mathematically impossible, infinitely deep structure:
    not(true(not(true(not(true(...)))))). It rightfully rejects the
    unification and returns false.

    The Philosophical Takeaway
    In logic, self-referential paradoxes often arise when a system is
    allowed to talk about its own truth values without hierarchical
    restrictions (as famously noted by Alfred Tarski).

    Your Prolog snippet perfectly mirrors this:

    Standard Unification acts like natural language, allowing the
    self-reference to happen (and potentially causing a stack overflow if
    you tried to evaluate or traverse it).

    The Occurs Check acts like a strict formal logic system, explicitly
    forbidding self-referential loops and shutting the paradox down before
    it can form.


    https://share.gemini.google/5UVT3f5WnV8K


    Imagine a language and its utterance of all the truisms in the universe.


    I have a name for this: The finite set of "atomic facts" of
    empirical general knowledge and the finite set of relations
    between them is named:
    "the body of general knowledge expressed in language"

    This isn't saying necessarily what it says, only that it's said.
    So, this account of a "Comenius language" of all the truisms is
    more than less inscrutable yet as empty tautologies and truisms,
    while yet each unique, for example as by natural numbers.

    "This sentence 1 is true.
    This sentence 2 is true.
    This sentence 3 is true.
    ..."


    So, quantify over those, like Russell might as "sets-of-all-sets-that-don't-contain-themselves".

    "This sentence (...) is not true."


    You are simply ignoring that expressions with cycles
    in their evaluation sequence are rejected as meaningless.
    Kripke would say that they are "undefined"

    Now, the idea here is that there's only one example of a truism
    about contradiction, that the alternation of inversion of the
    consideration that results quantification, brings along the
    "sputnik of quantification", that reads in its form as
    "The Liar", yet instead of being a "paradox", its form is
    construed as being a "Confessing Liar".


    So, this account of univocity since Duns Scotus or as alike
    accounts of the kabalah and gematria or since acconts of the
    universal grammar since Panini like Leibnitz, this "Comenius
    language" its consideration, like Quine's Nietzsche's "eternal
    basic text", includes in itself a prototype of contradiction,
    in otherwise all its affirmations.


    Then, in natural language, there is a ready example or prototype
    of contradiction, that in alike the natural "Coleridge language",
    where that metaphor eventually fails yet there is a structural
    account of the strong metonymy that fulfills true metaphor about
    truth, then "the Liar" is simply an indicator of contradiction,
    and results instead of explosion to contradiction its unconscious
    digestion, results implosion to detection in any account of language.


    So, "thinking" instead of "being thought" is the usual idea.
    That's all then that the cycle-detection routine claims to do.


    This way there are no paradoxes at all in Comenius language,
    including that Confessing Comenius has an example to compare
    against, what would be false.



    The eternal basic text or underlying univocal universal word
    might be negations instead of affirmations.

    "This sentence 1 accounts and excludes 0.
    This sentence 2 accounts and excludes 1.
    This sentence 3 accounts and excludes 2.
    ..."


    Then a similar account gives alike:

    "This sentence infinity accounts and includes infinity."



    Then simple accounts of error-detection then error _correction_,
    including accounts of "not enough information" or "conflicting
    information" are mostly usual and trite, in fact there's an
    entire enterprise called "science" which makes for an inter-subjective
    formal account with regards to strengthened logicist positivism
    and ontologists, which though is always a _science_, yet though
    that there are ideals like "truth" and "infinity" for that
    "geometry" and "continuity" are real, and more than the blahs.


    So maybe this is too much into the field of philosophy of
    logic and thus outside the field or carefully memorizing
    exiting conventions for you to understand.

    The bottom line is the my Prolog tossed the Liar Paradox
    out on its ass and Gemini agrees. You didn't seem to get
    this most crucial point.
    --
    Copyright 2026 Olcott

    My 28 year goal has been to make
    "true on the basis of meaning expressed in language"
    reliably computable for the entire body of knowledge.
    The complete structure of this system is now defined.

    The entire body of knowledge expressed in language is
    comprised of two types of relations between finite strings:
    (a) *Axioms* Expressions of language that are stipulated to be true.

    My system bridges the analytic/synthetic distinction by
    expressly encoding all empirical "atomic facts" in a formal
    language such as CycL of the Cyc project.

    (b) *Inference Rules* Expressions of language that are semantically
    entailed syntactically from (a) and/or (b).
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Ross Finlayson@ross.a.finlayson@gmail.com to sci.logic,comp.theory,comp.ai.philosophy,sci.math on Tue Jul 7 12:17:05 2026
    From Newsgroup: comp.ai.philosophy

    On 07/07/2026 11:07 AM, olcott wrote:
    On 7/7/2026 12:53 PM, Ross Finlayson wrote:
    On 07/07/2026 09:10 AM, olcott wrote:
    % This sentence is not true.
    ?- LP = not(true(LP)).
    LP = not(true(LP)).
    ?- unify_with_occurs_check(LP, not(true(LP))).
    false.

    That is an elegant and classic way to demonstrate the Liar Paradox
    ("This sentence is false") using Prolog's unification mechanics!

    You've perfectly captured the tension between computational pragmatism
    and strict mathematical logic. Here is exactly what is happening under
    the hood in your snippet:

    1. The Pragmatic Illusion: Standard Unification

    Prolog
    ?- LP = not(true(LP)).
    LP = not(true(LP)).

    When you use the standard unification operator (=), Prolog tries to make >>> the left side and the right side identical. To save processing time and
    memory, Prolog historically skips a crucial step called the occurs
    check.

    Because it skips this check, Prolog happily binds the variable LP to the >>> term not(true(LP)). This creates a cyclic term (or a rational tree). In
    memory, LP now points to a structure that contains a reference back to
    LP, creating an infinite loop of self-reference. Computationally, Prolog >>> accepts the paradox.

    2. The Logical Safeguard: The Occurs Check

    Prolog
    ?- unify_with_occurs_check(LP, not(true(LP))).
    false.

    Here, you enforce strict First-Order Logic. The
    unify_with_occurs_check/2 predicate forces Prolog to pause and ask:
    "Does the variable I am trying to bind already exist inside the term I
    am binding it to?" Because the variable LP occurs inside not(true(LP)),
    Prolog realizes that unifying them would require building a
    mathematically impossible, infinitely deep structure:
    not(true(not(true(not(true(...)))))). It rightfully rejects the
    unification and returns false.

    The Philosophical Takeaway
    In logic, self-referential paradoxes often arise when a system is
    allowed to talk about its own truth values without hierarchical
    restrictions (as famously noted by Alfred Tarski).

    Your Prolog snippet perfectly mirrors this:

    Standard Unification acts like natural language, allowing the
    self-reference to happen (and potentially causing a stack overflow if
    you tried to evaluate or traverse it).

    The Occurs Check acts like a strict formal logic system, explicitly
    forbidding self-referential loops and shutting the paradox down before
    it can form.


    https://share.gemini.google/5UVT3f5WnV8K


    Imagine a language and its utterance of all the truisms in the universe.


    I have a name for this: The finite set of "atomic facts" of
    empirical general knowledge and the finite set of relations
    between them is named:
    "the body of general knowledge expressed in language"

    This isn't saying necessarily what it says, only that it's said.
    So, this account of a "Comenius language" of all the truisms is
    more than less inscrutable yet as empty tautologies and truisms,
    while yet each unique, for example as by natural numbers.

    "This sentence 1 is true.
    This sentence 2 is true.
    This sentence 3 is true.
    ..."


    So, quantify over those, like Russell might as
    "sets-of-all-sets-that-don't-contain-themselves".

    "This sentence (...) is not true."


    You are simply ignoring that expressions with cycles
    in their evaluation sequence are rejected as meaningless.
    Kripke would say that they are "undefined"

    Now, the idea here is that there's only one example of a truism
    about contradiction, that the alternation of inversion of the
    consideration that results quantification, brings along the
    "sputnik of quantification", that reads in its form as
    "The Liar", yet instead of being a "paradox", its form is
    construed as being a "Confessing Liar".


    So, this account of univocity since Duns Scotus or as alike
    accounts of the kabalah and gematria or since acconts of the
    universal grammar since Panini like Leibnitz, this "Comenius
    language" its consideration, like Quine's Nietzsche's "eternal
    basic text", includes in itself a prototype of contradiction,
    in otherwise all its affirmations.


    Then, in natural language, there is a ready example or prototype
    of contradiction, that in alike the natural "Coleridge language",
    where that metaphor eventually fails yet there is a structural
    account of the strong metonymy that fulfills true metaphor about
    truth, then "the Liar" is simply an indicator of contradiction,
    and results instead of explosion to contradiction its unconscious
    digestion, results implosion to detection in any account of language.


    So, "thinking" instead of "being thought" is the usual idea.
    That's all then that the cycle-detection routine claims to do.


    This way there are no paradoxes at all in Comenius language,
    including that Confessing Comenius has an example to compare
    against, what would be false.



    The eternal basic text or underlying univocal universal word
    might be negations instead of affirmations.

    "This sentence 1 accounts and excludes 0.
    This sentence 2 accounts and excludes 1.
    This sentence 3 accounts and excludes 2.
    ..."


    Then a similar account gives alike:

    "This sentence infinity accounts and includes infinity."



    Then simple accounts of error-detection then error _correction_,
    including accounts of "not enough information" or "conflicting
    information" are mostly usual and trite, in fact there's an
    entire enterprise called "science" which makes for an inter-subjective
    formal account with regards to strengthened logicist positivism
    and ontologists, which though is always a _science_, yet though
    that there are ideals like "truth" and "infinity" for that
    "geometry" and "continuity" are real, and more than the blahs.


    So maybe this is too much into the field of philosophy of
    logic and thus outside the field or carefully memorizing
    exiting conventions for you to understand.

    The bottom line is the my Prolog tossed the Liar Paradox
    out on its ass and Gemini agrees. You didn't seem to get
    this most crucial point.




    Russell would call you a fool. That said, for Frege's completeness
    results then Goedel's completeness results, of "ordinary" arithmetic,
    those are ultimately subject Russell's paradox and Goedel's own in-completeness, or ordinary arithmetic, or "theories strong
    enough to model ordinary arithmetic".

    In contrast to somebody like Marilyn Mach vos Savant, a dilettante
    and gad-fly, when it comes to philosophy I prefer somebody like
    Martha Nussbaum, who is a platonist, and Susanne Langer for logic,
    who easily demonstrates ordinary classical quasi-modal logic in her
    textbook on logic, while yet also pointing out the ready demonstrations
    of the limitations and fallacies of quasi-modal logic and material
    implication. Then, there's "The Straight Dope" for columnists.

    Then, there's Quine, and Quine's "Set Theory" and 'Word & Object"
    contain plentiful apologetics about "standard" logic, with regards
    to "ultimate classes" and "Quine's atoms", and accounts like variously
    the ways to make for class/set distinction and variously the ways
    that "logic" gets involved with:

    x = x,
    x =/= x,
    x in x,
    x not in x,

    then Quine and Strawson and some of the Lewis' and for example
    for Chwistek then Sheffer makes for that Sheffer is plenty,
    and nobody needs Kripke or Gentzen when they have Sheffer,
    and nobody needs Montague when there's Herbrand.


    Anybody can read your willful ignorance as slight and petty.
    And nobody needs it for anything.



    Here there are at least three:

    models of integers (fragments, extensions, the ordinary),
    laws of large numbers (large, larger, largest),
    models of limit theorems (inductive, infinite, continuum),
    models of continuous domains (line-reals, field-reals, signal-reals),
    models of Cantor spaces (square, sparse, signal),
    models of probabilistic limit theorems (central, uniformizing, polar),

    that mathematics always has had and always will have
    and anybody who'd get past "Erdos' Giant Monsters of Mathematical
    Independence" for their "Great Atlas of Mathematical Independence"
    can discover for themselves.


    I already have one, ....


    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From olcott@polcott333@gmail.com to sci.logic,comp.theory,comp.ai.philosophy,sci.math on Tue Jul 7 14:48:10 2026
    From Newsgroup: comp.ai.philosophy

    On 7/7/2026 2:17 PM, Ross Finlayson wrote:
    On 07/07/2026 11:07 AM, olcott wrote:
    On 7/7/2026 12:53 PM, Ross Finlayson wrote:
    On 07/07/2026 09:10 AM, olcott wrote:
    % This sentence is not true.
    ?- LP = not(true(LP)).
    LP = not(true(LP)).
    ?- unify_with_occurs_check(LP, not(true(LP))).
    false.

    That is an elegant and classic way to demonstrate the Liar Paradox
    ("This sentence is false") using Prolog's unification mechanics!

    You've perfectly captured the tension between computational pragmatism >>>> and strict mathematical logic. Here is exactly what is happening under >>>> the hood in your snippet:

    1. The Pragmatic Illusion: Standard Unification

    Prolog
    ?- LP = not(true(LP)).
    LP = not(true(LP)).

    When you use the standard unification operator (=), Prolog tries to
    make
    the left side and the right side identical. To save processing time and >>>> memory, Prolog historically skips a crucial step called the occurs
    check.

    Because it skips this check, Prolog happily binds the variable LP to
    the
    term not(true(LP)). This creates a cyclic term (or a rational tree). In >>>> memory, LP now points to a structure that contains a reference back to >>>> LP, creating an infinite loop of self-reference. Computationally,
    Prolog
    accepts the paradox.

    2. The Logical Safeguard: The Occurs Check

    Prolog
    ?- unify_with_occurs_check(LP, not(true(LP))).
    false.

    Here, you enforce strict First-Order Logic. The
    unify_with_occurs_check/2 predicate forces Prolog to pause and ask:
    "Does the variable I am trying to bind already exist inside the term I >>>> am binding it to?" Because the variable LP occurs inside not(true(LP)), >>>> Prolog realizes that unifying them would require building a
    mathematically impossible, infinitely deep structure:
    not(true(not(true(not(true(...)))))). It rightfully rejects the
    unification and returns false.

    The Philosophical Takeaway
    In logic, self-referential paradoxes often arise when a system is
    allowed to talk about its own truth values without hierarchical
    restrictions (as famously noted by Alfred Tarski).

    Your Prolog snippet perfectly mirrors this:

    Standard Unification acts like natural language, allowing the
    self-reference to happen (and potentially causing a stack overflow if
    you tried to evaluate or traverse it).

    The Occurs Check acts like a strict formal logic system, explicitly
    forbidding self-referential loops and shutting the paradox down before >>>> it can form.


    https://share.gemini.google/5UVT3f5WnV8K


    Imagine a language and its utterance of all the truisms in the universe. >>>

    I have a name for this: The finite set of "atomic facts" of
    empirical general knowledge and the finite set of relations
    between them is named:
    "the body of general knowledge expressed in language"

    This isn't saying necessarily what it says, only that it's said.
    So, this account of a "Comenius language" of all the truisms is
    more than less inscrutable yet as empty tautologies and truisms,
    while yet each unique, for example as by natural numbers.

    "This sentence 1 is true.
    This sentence 2 is true.
    This sentence 3 is true.
    ..."


    So, quantify over those, like Russell might as
    "sets-of-all-sets-that-don't-contain-themselves".

    "This sentence (...) is not true."


    You are simply ignoring that expressions with cycles
    in their evaluation sequence are rejected as meaningless.
    Kripke would say that they are "undefined"

    Now, the idea here is that there's only one example of a truism
    about contradiction, that the alternation of inversion of the
    consideration that results quantification, brings along the
    "sputnik of quantification", that reads in its form as
    "The Liar", yet instead of being a "paradox", its form is
    construed as being a "Confessing Liar".


    So, this account of univocity since Duns Scotus or as alike
    accounts of the kabalah and gematria or since acconts of the
    universal grammar since Panini like Leibnitz, this "Comenius
    language" its consideration, like Quine's Nietzsche's "eternal
    basic text", includes in itself a prototype of contradiction,
    in otherwise all its affirmations.


    Then, in natural language, there is a ready example or prototype
    of contradiction, that in alike the natural "Coleridge language",
    where that metaphor eventually fails yet there is a structural
    account of the strong metonymy that fulfills true metaphor about
    truth, then "the Liar" is simply an indicator of contradiction,
    and results instead of explosion to contradiction its unconscious
    digestion, results implosion to detection in any account of language.


    So, "thinking" instead of "being thought" is the usual idea.
    That's all then that the cycle-detection routine claims to do.


    This way there are no paradoxes at all in Comenius language,
    including that Confessing Comenius has an example to compare
    against, what would be false.



    The eternal basic text or underlying univocal universal word
    might be negations instead of affirmations.

    "This sentence 1 accounts and excludes 0.
    This sentence 2 accounts and excludes 1.
    This sentence 3 accounts and excludes 2.
    ..."


    Then a similar account gives alike:

    "This sentence infinity accounts and includes infinity."



    Then simple accounts of error-detection then error _correction_,
    including accounts of "not enough information" or "conflicting
    information" are mostly usual and trite, in fact there's an
    entire enterprise called "science" which makes for an inter-subjective
    formal account with regards to strengthened logicist positivism
    and ontologists, which though is always a _science_, yet though
    that there are ideals like "truth" and "infinity" for that
    "geometry" and "continuity" are real, and more than the blahs.


    So maybe this is too much into the field of philosophy of
    logic and thus outside the field or carefully memorizing
    exiting conventions for you to understand.

    The bottom line is the my Prolog tossed the Liar Paradox
    out on its ass and Gemini agrees. You didn't seem to get
    this most crucial point.




    Russell would call you a fool.

    Not at all he himself had the vicious circle principle. https://projecteuclid.org/journals/notre-dame-journal-of-formal-logic/volume-40/issue-1/Russell-Presupposition-and-the-Vicious-Circle-Principle/10.1305/ndjfl/1039096305.full


    Have you every heard of ZFC?
    --
    Copyright 2026 Olcott

    My 28 year goal has been to make
    "true on the basis of meaning expressed in language"
    reliably computable for the entire body of knowledge.
    The complete structure of this system is now defined.

    The entire body of knowledge expressed in language is
    comprised of two types of relations between finite strings:
    (a) *Axioms* Expressions of language that are stipulated to be true.

    My system bridges the analytic/synthetic distinction by
    expressly encoding all empirical "atomic facts" in a formal
    language such as CycL of the Cyc project.

    (b) *Inference Rules* Expressions of language that are semantically
    entailed syntactically from (a) and/or (b).
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Ross Finlayson@ross.a.finlayson@gmail.com to sci.logic,comp.theory,comp.ai.philosophy,sci.math on Tue Jul 7 14:35:14 2026
    From Newsgroup: comp.ai.philosophy

    On 07/07/2026 12:48 PM, olcott wrote:
    On 7/7/2026 2:17 PM, Ross Finlayson wrote:
    On 07/07/2026 11:07 AM, olcott wrote:
    On 7/7/2026 12:53 PM, Ross Finlayson wrote:
    On 07/07/2026 09:10 AM, olcott wrote:
    % This sentence is not true.
    ?- LP = not(true(LP)).
    LP = not(true(LP)).
    ?- unify_with_occurs_check(LP, not(true(LP))).
    false.

    That is an elegant and classic way to demonstrate the Liar Paradox
    ("This sentence is false") using Prolog's unification mechanics!

    You've perfectly captured the tension between computational pragmatism >>>>> and strict mathematical logic. Here is exactly what is happening under >>>>> the hood in your snippet:

    1. The Pragmatic Illusion: Standard Unification

    Prolog
    ?- LP = not(true(LP)).
    LP = not(true(LP)).

    When you use the standard unification operator (=), Prolog tries to
    make
    the left side and the right side identical. To save processing time
    and
    memory, Prolog historically skips a crucial step called the occurs
    check.

    Because it skips this check, Prolog happily binds the variable LP
    to the
    term not(true(LP)). This creates a cyclic term (or a rational
    tree). In
    memory, LP now points to a structure that contains a reference back to >>>>> LP, creating an infinite loop of self-reference. Computationally,
    Prolog
    accepts the paradox.

    2. The Logical Safeguard: The Occurs Check

    Prolog
    ?- unify_with_occurs_check(LP, not(true(LP))).
    false.

    Here, you enforce strict First-Order Logic. The
    unify_with_occurs_check/2 predicate forces Prolog to pause and ask:
    "Does the variable I am trying to bind already exist inside the term I >>>>> am binding it to?" Because the variable LP occurs inside
    not(true(LP)),
    Prolog realizes that unifying them would require building a
    mathematically impossible, infinitely deep structure:
    not(true(not(true(not(true(...)))))). It rightfully rejects the
    unification and returns false.

    The Philosophical Takeaway
    In logic, self-referential paradoxes often arise when a system is
    allowed to talk about its own truth values without hierarchical
    restrictions (as famously noted by Alfred Tarski).

    Your Prolog snippet perfectly mirrors this:

    Standard Unification acts like natural language, allowing the
    self-reference to happen (and potentially causing a stack overflow if >>>>> you tried to evaluate or traverse it).

    The Occurs Check acts like a strict formal logic system, explicitly
    forbidding self-referential loops and shutting the paradox down before >>>>> it can form.


    https://share.gemini.google/5UVT3f5WnV8K


    Imagine a language and its utterance of all the truisms in the
    universe.


    I have a name for this: The finite set of "atomic facts" of
    empirical general knowledge and the finite set of relations
    between them is named:
    "the body of general knowledge expressed in language"

    This isn't saying necessarily what it says, only that it's said.
    So, this account of a "Comenius language" of all the truisms is
    more than less inscrutable yet as empty tautologies and truisms,
    while yet each unique, for example as by natural numbers.

    "This sentence 1 is true.
    This sentence 2 is true.
    This sentence 3 is true.
    ..."


    So, quantify over those, like Russell might as
    "sets-of-all-sets-that-don't-contain-themselves".

    "This sentence (...) is not true."


    You are simply ignoring that expressions with cycles
    in their evaluation sequence are rejected as meaningless.
    Kripke would say that they are "undefined"

    Now, the idea here is that there's only one example of a truism
    about contradiction, that the alternation of inversion of the
    consideration that results quantification, brings along the
    "sputnik of quantification", that reads in its form as
    "The Liar", yet instead of being a "paradox", its form is
    construed as being a "Confessing Liar".


    So, this account of univocity since Duns Scotus or as alike
    accounts of the kabalah and gematria or since acconts of the
    universal grammar since Panini like Leibnitz, this "Comenius
    language" its consideration, like Quine's Nietzsche's "eternal
    basic text", includes in itself a prototype of contradiction,
    in otherwise all its affirmations.


    Then, in natural language, there is a ready example or prototype
    of contradiction, that in alike the natural "Coleridge language",
    where that metaphor eventually fails yet there is a structural
    account of the strong metonymy that fulfills true metaphor about
    truth, then "the Liar" is simply an indicator of contradiction,
    and results instead of explosion to contradiction its unconscious
    digestion, results implosion to detection in any account of language.


    So, "thinking" instead of "being thought" is the usual idea.
    That's all then that the cycle-detection routine claims to do.


    This way there are no paradoxes at all in Comenius language,
    including that Confessing Comenius has an example to compare
    against, what would be false.



    The eternal basic text or underlying univocal universal word
    might be negations instead of affirmations.

    "This sentence 1 accounts and excludes 0.
    This sentence 2 accounts and excludes 1.
    This sentence 3 accounts and excludes 2.
    ..."


    Then a similar account gives alike:

    "This sentence infinity accounts and includes infinity."



    Then simple accounts of error-detection then error _correction_,
    including accounts of "not enough information" or "conflicting
    information" are mostly usual and trite, in fact there's an
    entire enterprise called "science" which makes for an inter-subjective >>>> formal account with regards to strengthened logicist positivism
    and ontologists, which though is always a _science_, yet though
    that there are ideals like "truth" and "infinity" for that
    "geometry" and "continuity" are real, and more than the blahs.


    So maybe this is too much into the field of philosophy of
    logic and thus outside the field or carefully memorizing
    exiting conventions for you to understand.

    The bottom line is the my Prolog tossed the Liar Paradox
    out on its ass and Gemini agrees. You didn't seem to get
    this most crucial point.




    Russell would call you a fool.

    Not at all he himself had the vicious circle principle. https://projecteuclid.org/journals/notre-dame-journal-of-formal-logic/volume-40/issue-1/Russell-Presupposition-and-the-Vicious-Circle-Principle/10.1305/ndjfl/1039096305.full


    Have you every heard of ZFC?


    Since Chrysippus for modal, temporal, relevance logic,
    there's the like of "Hume's connexions", where something
    like John Stuart Mill would be so familiar to quasi-modal
    repeteurs.

    The model-theory and the proof-theory are equi-interpretable.

    Then, "theories-of-one-relation" like set-theory or class-theory
    or part-theory or partition-theory, or order-theory or ordering-theory,
    like set theory, for example ZFC with:

    an ordinary vacuity, the empty set,
    an ordinary infinity, the inductive set,

    those being both expansion-of-comprehension and
    restriction-of-comprehension, since axioms are of at least two kinds,
    then for various rulialities/regularities that compete:

    well-foundedness, sets having e-minimal elements,
    well-ordering, orderings having e-minimal elements,

    then besides the usually not included alike Martin's axiom:

    well-dispersion, both e-minimal and e-maximal, the illative or univalent,

    then the rest of the axioms of ZFC being expansion of comprehension
    or composing sets, quite naively, then at least one of those,
    doesn't matter much, being called a schema instead of an axiom
    for first-order-izibility,

    that's ZFC, the set theory, then for its accounts modeling the
    descriptive set theory's account of geometry and for the objects
    of real analysis, usually also axiomatizing

    least-upper-bound existence of the rational field,
    measure 1.0 of the unit in the real field,

    since those aren't derived in the usual way, with line-reals first
    providing least-upper-bound and measure 1.0, then yes,
    I've heard of ZFC, and NBG and GBN, and ZFC with classes.


    It's good to know these things and be thorough and conscientious,
    instead of being a vacuous moron of the ordinary sort.



    In school when were shown that an error in reasoning could result
    seemingly correct answers that were wrong, it was in the setting
    of a calculus course, where one of the expressions was a quotient
    with the divisor being an expression in the difference of a constant
    and a variable, thusly, if the variable was equal the constant,
    then that would be dividing by zero, which is undefined, then a
    resulting evaluation resulted 0 = 1, which was wrong. Then there
    was addressed limits from the left and limits from the right and discontinuities and removable discontinuities, about the thorough sort
    of account.

    The point here is that the gap in definition about the objects of
    mathematics is different than ex falso quodlibet, since singularities in
    a singularity theory are branches in a multiplicity theory,
    and it's simply erroneous to break the definition, and erroneous to have carried the derivation, ex falso quodlibet is erroneous.


    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Alan Mackenzie@acm@muc.de to sci.logic,comp.theory,comp.ai.philosophy,sci.math on Tue Jul 7 21:57:06 2026
    From Newsgroup: comp.ai.philosophy

    [ Followup-To: set ]

    In comp.theory Ross Finlayson <ross.a.finlayson@gmail.com> wrote:

    [ ... ]

    Since Chrysippus for modal, temporal, relevance logic,
    there's the like of "Hume's connexions", where something
    like John Stuart Mill would be so familiar to quasi-modal
    repeteurs.

    The model-theory and the proof-theory are equi-interpretable.

    Then, "theories-of-one-relation" like set-theory or class-theory
    or part-theory or partition-theory, or order-theory or ordering-theory,
    like set theory, for example ZFC with:

    an ordinary vacuity, the empty set,
    an ordinary infinity, the inductive set,

    those being both expansion-of-comprehension and
    restriction-of-comprehension, since axioms are of at least two kinds,
    then for various rulialities/regularities that compete:

    well-foundedness, sets having e-minimal elements,
    well-ordering, orderings having e-minimal elements,

    then besides the usually not included alike Martin's axiom:

    well-dispersion, both e-minimal and e-maximal, the illative or univalent,

    then the rest of the axioms of ZFC being expansion of comprehension
    or composing sets, quite naively, then at least one of those,
    doesn't matter much, being called a schema instead of an axiom
    for first-order-izibility,

    that's ZFC, the set theory, then for its accounts modeling the
    descriptive set theory's account of geometry and for the objects
    of real analysis, usually also axiomatizing

    least-upper-bound existence of the rational field,
    measure 1.0 of the unit in the real field,

    since those aren't derived in the usual way, with line-reals first
    providing least-upper-bound and measure 1.0, then yes,
    I've heard of ZFC, and NBG and GBN, and ZFC with classes.

    That sentence is far too long. Splitting it over many (what look like) paragraph breaks doesn't help. In fact, it is so long that any meaning
    it may have can only be extracted from it by laborious analysis, so
    excessively laborious that it is fair to accuse the sentence of being meaningless.

    That you may be debating the inane and meaningless yourself is not an acceptable pretext.

    It's good to know these things and be thorough and conscientious,
    instead of being a vacuous moron of the ordinary sort.



    In school when were shown that an error in reasoning could result
    seemingly correct answers that were wrong, it was in the setting
    of a calculus course, where one of the expressions was a quotient
    with the divisor being an expression in the difference of a constant
    and a variable, thusly, if the variable was equal the constant,
    then that would be dividing by zero, which is undefined, then a
    resulting evaluation resulted 0 = 1, which was wrong. Then there
    was addressed limits from the left and limits from the right and discontinuities and removable discontinuities, about the thorough sort
    of account.

    The point here is that the gap in definition about the objects of
    mathematics is different than ex falso quodlibet, since singularities in
    a singularity theory are branches in a multiplicity theory,
    and it's simply erroneous to break the definition, and erroneous to have carried the derivation, ex falso quodlibet is erroneous.
    --
    Alan Mackenzie (Nuremberg, Germany).

    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From olcott@polcott333@gmail.com to sci.logic,comp.theory,comp.ai.philosophy,sci.math on Tue Jul 7 17:17:24 2026
    From Newsgroup: comp.ai.philosophy

    On 7/7/2026 4:35 PM, Ross Finlayson wrote:
    On 07/07/2026 12:48 PM, olcott wrote:
    On 7/7/2026 2:17 PM, Ross Finlayson wrote:
    On 07/07/2026 11:07 AM, olcott wrote:
    On 7/7/2026 12:53 PM, Ross Finlayson wrote:
    On 07/07/2026 09:10 AM, olcott wrote:
    % This sentence is not true.
    ?- LP = not(true(LP)).
    LP = not(true(LP)).
    ?- unify_with_occurs_check(LP, not(true(LP))).
    false.

    That is an elegant and classic way to demonstrate the Liar Paradox >>>>>> ("This sentence is false") using Prolog's unification mechanics!

    You've perfectly captured the tension between computational
    pragmatism
    and strict mathematical logic. Here is exactly what is happening
    under
    the hood in your snippet:

    1. The Pragmatic Illusion: Standard Unification

    Prolog
    ?- LP = not(true(LP)).
    LP = not(true(LP)).

    When you use the standard unification operator (=), Prolog tries to >>>>>> make
    the left side and the right side identical. To save processing time >>>>>> and
    memory, Prolog historically skips a crucial step called the occurs >>>>>> check.

    Because it skips this check, Prolog happily binds the variable LP
    to the
    term not(true(LP)). This creates a cyclic term (or a rational
    tree). In
    memory, LP now points to a structure that contains a reference
    back to
    LP, creating an infinite loop of self-reference. Computationally,
    Prolog
    accepts the paradox.

    2. The Logical Safeguard: The Occurs Check

    Prolog
    ?- unify_with_occurs_check(LP, not(true(LP))).
    false.

    Here, you enforce strict First-Order Logic. The
    unify_with_occurs_check/2 predicate forces Prolog to pause and ask: >>>>>> "Does the variable I am trying to bind already exist inside the
    term I
    am binding it to?" Because the variable LP occurs inside
    not(true(LP)),
    Prolog realizes that unifying them would require building a
    mathematically impossible, infinitely deep structure:
    not(true(not(true(not(true(...)))))). It rightfully rejects the
    unification and returns false.

    The Philosophical Takeaway
    In logic, self-referential paradoxes often arise when a system is
    allowed to talk about its own truth values without hierarchical
    restrictions (as famously noted by Alfred Tarski).

    Your Prolog snippet perfectly mirrors this:

    Standard Unification acts like natural language, allowing the
    self-reference to happen (and potentially causing a stack overflow if >>>>>> you tried to evaluate or traverse it).

    The Occurs Check acts like a strict formal logic system, explicitly >>>>>> forbidding self-referential loops and shutting the paradox down
    before
    it can form.


    https://share.gemini.google/5UVT3f5WnV8K


    Imagine a language and its utterance of all the truisms in the
    universe.


    I have a name for this: The finite set of "atomic facts" of
    empirical general knowledge and the finite set of relations
    between them is named:
    "the body of general knowledge expressed in language"

    This isn't saying necessarily what it says, only that it's said.
    So, this account of a "Comenius language" of all the truisms is
    more than less inscrutable yet as empty tautologies and truisms,
    while yet each unique, for example as by natural numbers.

    "This sentence 1 is true.
    This sentence 2 is true.
    This sentence 3 is true.
    ..."


    So, quantify over those, like Russell might as
    "sets-of-all-sets-that-don't-contain-themselves".

    "This sentence (...) is not true."


    You are simply ignoring that expressions with cycles
    in their evaluation sequence are rejected as meaningless.
    Kripke would say that they are "undefined"

    Now, the idea here is that there's only one example of a truism
    about contradiction, that the alternation of inversion of the
    consideration that results quantification, brings along the
    "sputnik of quantification", that reads in its form as
    "The Liar", yet instead of being a "paradox", its form is
    construed as being a "Confessing Liar".


    So, this account of univocity since Duns Scotus or as alike
    accounts of the kabalah and gematria or since acconts of the
    universal grammar since Panini like Leibnitz, this "Comenius
    language" its consideration, like Quine's Nietzsche's "eternal
    basic text", includes in itself a prototype of contradiction,
    in otherwise all its affirmations.


    Then, in natural language, there is a ready example or prototype
    of contradiction, that in alike the natural "Coleridge language",
    where that metaphor eventually fails yet there is a structural
    account of the strong metonymy that fulfills true metaphor about
    truth, then "the Liar" is simply an indicator of contradiction,
    and results instead of explosion to contradiction its unconscious
    digestion, results implosion to detection in any account of language. >>>>>

    So, "thinking" instead of "being thought" is the usual idea.
    That's all then that the cycle-detection routine claims to do.


    This way there are no paradoxes at all in Comenius language,
    including that Confessing Comenius has an example to compare
    against, what would be false.



    The eternal basic text or underlying univocal universal word
    might be negations instead of affirmations.

    "This sentence 1 accounts and excludes 0.
    This sentence 2 accounts and excludes 1.
    This sentence 3 accounts and excludes 2.
    ..."


    Then a similar account gives alike:

    "This sentence infinity accounts and includes infinity."



    Then simple accounts of error-detection then error _correction_,
    including accounts of "not enough information" or "conflicting
    information" are mostly usual and trite, in fact there's an
    entire enterprise called "science" which makes for an inter-subjective >>>>> formal account with regards to strengthened logicist positivism
    and ontologists, which though is always a _science_, yet though
    that there are ideals like "truth" and "infinity" for that
    "geometry" and "continuity" are real, and more than the blahs.


    So maybe this is too much into the field of philosophy of
    logic and thus outside the field or carefully memorizing
    exiting conventions for you to understand.

    The bottom line is the my Prolog tossed the Liar Paradox
    out on its ass and Gemini agrees. You didn't seem to get
    this most crucial point.




    Russell would call you a fool.

    Not at all he himself had the vicious circle principle.
    https://projecteuclid.org/journals/notre-dame-journal-of-formal-logic/
    volume-40/issue-1/Russell-Presupposition-and-the-Vicious-Circle-
    Principle/10.1305/ndjfl/1039096305.full


    Have you every heard of ZFC?


    Since Chrysippus for modal, temporal, relevance logic,
    there's the like of "Hume's connexions", where something
    like John Stuart Mill would be so familiar to quasi-modal
    repeteurs.

    The model-theory and the proof-theory are equi-interpretable.


    Not really. Model theory does not have enough info
    to reject bad inputs.

    Then, "theories-of-one-relation" like set-theory or class-theory
    or part-theory or partition-theory, or order-theory or ordering-theory,
    like set theory, for example ZFC with:

    an ordinary vacuity, the empty set,
    an ordinary infinity, the inductive set,

    those being both expansion-of-comprehension and
    restriction-of-comprehension, since axioms are of at least two kinds,
    then for various rulialities/regularities that compete:

    well-foundedness, sets having e-minimal elements,
    well-ordering, orderings having e-minimal elements,

    then besides the usually not included alike Martin's axiom:

    well-dispersion, both e-minimal and e-maximal, the illative or univalent,

    then the rest of the axioms of ZFC being expansion of comprehension
    or composing sets, quite naively, then at least one of those,
    doesn't matter much, being called a schema instead of an axiom
    for first-order-izibility,

    that's ZFC, the set theory, then for its accounts modeling the
    descriptive set theory's account of geometry and for the objects
    of real analysis, usually also axiomatizing


    ZFC does not allow sets containing themselves to be
    defined. Most of the rest of math is not this insightful.
    Bad input is thought of as a limitation of the formal system.

    least-upper-bound existence of the rational field,
    measure 1.0 of the unit in the real field,

    since those aren't derived in the usual way, with line-reals first
    providing least-upper-bound and measure 1.0, then yes,
    I've heard of ZFC, and NBG and GBN, and ZFC with classes.


    It's good to know these things and be thorough and conscientious,
    instead of being a vacuous moron of the ordinary sort.



    In school when were shown that an error in reasoning could result
    seemingly correct answers that were wrong, it was in the setting
    of a calculus course, where one of the expressions was a quotient
    with the divisor being an expression in the difference of a constant
    and a variable, thusly, if the variable was equal the constant,
    then that would be dividing by zero, which is undefined, then a
    resulting evaluation resulted 0 = 1, which was wrong. Then there
    was addressed limits from the left and limits from the right and discontinuities and removable discontinuities, about the thorough sort
    of account.

    The point here is that the gap in definition about the objects of
    mathematics is different than ex falso quodlibet, since singularities in
    a singularity theory are branches in a multiplicity theory,
    and it's simply erroneous to break the definition, and erroneous to have carried the derivation, ex falso quodlibet is erroneous.



    This is the whole kit-and-kaboodle of the essence
    of my system. Currently PTS understands these things
    the best.

    P ⊢ Q means syntactic derivation implements semantic
    entailment encoded in syntactically the language.
    This is the only inference steps allowed. The entailment
    rules depend on the represented domain.
    --
    Copyright 2026 Olcott

    My 28 year goal has been to make
    "true on the basis of meaning expressed in language"
    reliably computable for the entire body of knowledge.
    The complete structure of this system is now defined.

    The entire body of knowledge expressed in language is
    comprised of two types of relations between finite strings:
    (a) *Axioms* Expressions of language that are stipulated to be true.

    My system bridges the analytic/synthetic distinction by
    expressly encoding all empirical "atomic facts" in a formal
    language such as CycL of the Cyc project.

    (b) *Inference Rules* Expressions of language that are semantically
    entailed syntactically from (a) and/or (b).
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  • From Mikko@mikko.levanto@iki.fi to sci.logic,sci.math,comp.theory,comp.ai.philosophy,alt.philosophy on Wed Jul 8 12:02:55 2026
    From Newsgroup: comp.ai.philosophy

    On 06/07/2026 16:56, olcott wrote:
    On 7/6/2026 2:16 AM, Mikko wrote:
    On 04/07/2026 16:15, olcott wrote:
    On 7/4/2026 1:37 AM, Mikko wrote:
    On 03/07/2026 17:46, olcott wrote:
    On 7/3/2026 3:17 AM, Mikko wrote:
    On 02/07/2026 17:37, olcott wrote:

    x = "The Moon is made from green cheese"
    y = "Donald Trump is the one and only Lord and Savior Jesus Christ: >>>>>>> POE concludes (x ∧ ¬x) ⊢ y

    "the principle of explosion is the theorem according to
      which any statement can be proven from a contradiction"
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principle_of_explosion

    When you pay attention to the meaning of the words
    and correctly apply correct semantic entailment on
    the basis of the meaning of those words then the
    principle of explosion is a PSYCHOTIC BREAK FROM REALITY.

    No, it is not. The premise x above is a break from reality. But that >>>>>> is not in logic, it was introduced by you. Even without the principle >>>>>> of explosion it is possible to infer a false conclusion from a false >>>>>> premise.

    Yes. From "I am 35 feet tall" ⊢ "I am 35 feet tall"
    and as you said my premise is literally FALSE
    (P ∧ ~P) ⊢ FALSE

    The principle of explosion merely facilitates tinding a
    conclusion that is so obviously false that it convincingly proves
    that the remise is false.

    There is nothing semantically relevant that can be
    proven from a contradiction besides bare FALSE and
    bare FALSE only entails bare FALSE.

    Yes, there is. From the contradiction "I have blue eyes and
    I don't have blue eyes" one can prove "I have blue eyes" and
    "I don't have blue eyes", both of which are semantically
    relevant, and one of which in addition is false.

    That is greatly restricted from the POE.

    Restrictions from the POE make lie detection harder and therefore lying
    easier. You may like that but others have different preferencies.

    Olcott gets rid of the Principle of Explosion
    In Olcott Logic (P ∧ ¬P) ⊢ ⊥ and ⊥ ⊢ ⊥
    That makes lie detection harder but not impossible.
    --
    Mikko
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Mikko@mikko.levanto@iki.fi to sci.logic,sci.math,comp.theory,comp.ai.philosophy,alt.philosophy on Wed Jul 8 12:05:29 2026
    From Newsgroup: comp.ai.philosophy

    On 06/07/2026 17:09, dbush wrote:
    On 7/6/2026 9:56 AM, olcott wrote:
    On 7/6/2026 2:16 AM, Mikko wrote:
    On 04/07/2026 16:15, olcott wrote:
    On 7/4/2026 1:37 AM, Mikko wrote:
    On 03/07/2026 17:46, olcott wrote:
    On 7/3/2026 3:17 AM, Mikko wrote:
    On 02/07/2026 17:37, olcott wrote:

    x = "The Moon is made from green cheese"
    y = "Donald Trump is the one and only Lord and Savior Jesus Christ: >>>>>>>> POE concludes (x ∧ ¬x) ⊢ y

    "the principle of explosion is the theorem according to
      which any statement can be proven from a contradiction"
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principle_of_explosion

    When you pay attention to the meaning of the words
    and correctly apply correct semantic entailment on
    the basis of the meaning of those words then the
    principle of explosion is a PSYCHOTIC BREAK FROM REALITY.

    No, it is not. The premise x above is a break from reality. But that >>>>>>> is not in logic, it was introduced by you. Even without the
    principle
    of explosion it is possible to infer a false conclusion from a false >>>>>>> premise.

    Yes. From "I am 35 feet tall" ⊢ "I am 35 feet tall"
    and as you said my premise is literally FALSE
    (P ∧ ~P) ⊢ FALSE

    The principle of explosion merely facilitates tinding a
    conclusion that is so obviously false that it convincingly proves >>>>>>> that the remise is false.

    There is nothing semantically relevant that can be
    proven from a contradiction besides bare FALSE and
    bare FALSE only entails bare FALSE.

    Yes, there is. From the contradiction "I have blue eyes and
    I don't have blue eyes" one can prove "I have blue eyes" and
    "I don't have blue eyes", both of which are semantically
    relevant, and one of which in addition is false.

    That is greatly restricted from the POE.

    Restrictions from the POE make lie detection harder and therefore lying
    easier. You may like that but others have different preferencies.

    Olcott gets rid of the Principle of Explosion
    In Olcott Logic (P ∧ ¬P) ⊢ ⊥ and ⊥ ⊢ ⊥

    Why would you say that when you agreed on the record that it's valid
    because disjunction introduction is valid [...]?
    When one is going to lie it may be better to make the audience to
    forget as much of logic as possible.
    --
    Mikko

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