• DAY1SVR: Day 1 Convective Outlook

    From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon May 18 16:26:52 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 181626
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 181625

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1125 AM CDT Mon May 18 2026

    Valid 181630Z - 191200Z

    ...THERE IS A MODERATE RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS THIS AFTERNOON
    AND EVENING OVER PARTS OF EASTERN KANSAS...SOUTHEAST
    NEBRASKA...NORTHWEST MISSOURI...AND SOUTHWEST IOWA....

    ...SUMMARY...
    Numerous severe thunderstorms are expected this afternoon and
    evening across the south-central Plains and mid Missouri Valley.
    Supercells capable of producing very large to giant hail and
    multiple strong to intense tornadoes are most likely from central
    Kansas and southeast Nebraska into Iowa and northwest Missouri.

    ...Central Plains...
    Morning water vapor loop shows a potent shortwave trough rotating
    across the central Rockies into western KS. The primary surface
    boundary extends from western IA into central KS, with a pronounced
    outflow boundary associated with overnight convection extending from
    southeast KS into southern MO. The outflow boundary will lift
    northward today, allowing a very moist and extremely unstable air
    mass to spread into eastern KS/northwest MO/extreme southeast
    NE/southwest IA. This is the area most concerning for intense
    supercells later today.

    Initial storms are expected to develop by early afternoon near the
    triple point of the retreating outflow boundary and cold front.
    These storms will track northeastward through the afternoon and
    early evening in a strongly sheared environment favorable for
    tornadoes, very large hail, and damaging winds. It remains unclear
    how stormscale interactions will impact discrete supercell mode, but
    strong tornadoes are a concern in this region.

    Farther southwest, thunderstorms will develop in vicinity of the
    cold front across south-central KS by late afternoon. Recent CAM
    solutions suggest these storms may be affected by the linear frontal
    forcing, and may be slightly anafrontal. This would lessen the
    tornado risk, but very large hail and damaging winds would remain a
    concern. No changes have been made to the Moderate Risk area due to conflicting model signals.

    ...Western OK/Northwest TX...
    Full sunshine will lead to hot temperatures along the dryline over
    western OK into northwest TX. At least isolated thunderstorms are
    expected to form in this area, with a risk of large hail and
    damaging winds. Weak large scale forcing may limit storm duration
    and intensity.

    ...OH Valley/Great Lakes...
    A line of thunderstorms along the IL/IN border is tracking
    northeastward into a warm/moist air mass. Relatively strong
    low-level wind fields and steep low-level lapse rates suggest a
    continued risk of scattered wind damage with the strongest storms as
    they track across parts of IN/Lower MI/Northwest OH.

    ..Hart/Halbert.. 05/18/2026

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon May 18 20:06:51 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 182006
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 182005

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0305 PM CDT Mon May 18 2026

    Valid 182000Z - 191200Z

    ...THERE IS A MODERATE RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS OVER PORTIONS OF
    CENTRAL AND NORTHEASTERN KANSAS...FAR SOUTHEASTERN
    NEBRASKA...NORTHWESTERN MISSOURI...AND FAR SOUTHWESTERN IOWA....

    ...SUMMARY...
    Numerous severe thunderstorms are expected this afternoon and
    evening across the south-central Plains and mid Missouri Valley.
    Supercells capable of producing very large to giant hail and
    multiple strong to intense tornadoes remain likely from central
    Kansas and southeast Nebraska into Iowa and northwest Missouri.

    ...20z Update Midwest Lower Great Lakes...
    An expansive MCS remains ongoing over portions of the lower Great
    Lakes this afternoon. The environment ahead of the complex is
    unstable, but with gradually decreasing moisture/buoyancy farther
    east. An isolated severe risk likely exists ahead of the line across
    OH and lower MI through this evening.

    A large cold pool behind the complex has overturned the air mass
    across much of northern IL, southern WI and eastern IA. This should
    greatly limit air mass recovery this afternoon and evening.
    Additional convection originating from the central Plains and mid MO
    valley may continue eastward, but is forecasted to weaken as it
    encounters the cooler air mass tonight. Isolated storms, likely
    elevated, could persist with a risk for hail, but the severe
    potential has decreased such that, probabilities were lowered.

    ...Central Plains and Mid MO Valley...
    Several supercells and organized clusters have emerged across parts
    of KS and southern NE. A very unstable and strongly sheared
    environment remains in place ahead of these storms. This should
    support a risk for all hazards, include strong tornadoes, very large
    hail, and significant damaging winds. Current expectations are for
    the individual supercells to grow upscale into one or more clusters
    as they interact with a modifying outflow boundary across northeast
    KS and northwestern MO. While the environment becomes gradually less
    unstable farther north and east, very strong shear will likely
    support a continued risk for all hazards this evening. The western
    portions of the risk area has been trimmed in parts of central KS
    where the cold front has sagged southward.

    ...Southwest TX..
    Strong diurnal heating along southern portions of the dryline has
    resulted in isolated storm development this afternoon. Very large
    buoyancy (MLCAPE 3000-4000 J/kg) and steep lapse rates will likely
    continue to support high-based isolated storms. Vertical shear is
    marginal, but sufficient for supercells with hail and damaging wind
    potential. Have extended severe probabilities southward along the
    dryline.

    ..Lyons.. 05/18/2026

    .PREV DISCUSSION... /ISSUED 1125 AM CDT Mon May 18 2026/

    ...Central Plains...
    Morning water vapor loop shows a potent shortwave trough rotating
    across the central Rockies into western KS. The primary surface
    boundary extends from western IA into central KS, with a pronounced
    outflow boundary associated with overnight convection extending from
    southeast KS into southern MO. The outflow boundary will lift
    northward today, allowing a very moist and extremely unstable air
    mass to spread into eastern KS/northwest MO/extreme southeast
    NE/southwest IA. This is the area most concerning for intense
    supercells later today.

    Initial storms are expected to develop by early afternoon near the
    triple point of the retreating outflow boundary and cold front.
    These storms will track northeastward through the afternoon and
    early evening in a strongly sheared environment favorable for
    tornadoes, very large hail, and damaging winds. It remains unclear
    how stormscale interactions will impact discrete supercell mode, but
    strong tornadoes are a concern in this region.

    Farther southwest, thunderstorms will develop in vicinity of the
    cold front across south-central KS by late afternoon. Recent CAM
    solutions suggest these storms may be affected by the linear frontal
    forcing, and may be slightly anafrontal. This would lessen the
    tornado risk, but very large hail and damaging winds would remain a
    concern. No changes have been made to the Moderate Risk area due to conflicting model signals.

    ...Western OK/Northwest TX...
    Full sunshine will lead to hot temperatures along the dryline over
    western OK into northwest TX. At least isolated thunderstorms are
    expected to form in this area, with a risk of large hail and
    damaging winds. Weak large scale forcing may limit storm duration
    and intensity.

    ...OH Valley/Great Lakes...
    A line of thunderstorms along the IL/IN border is tracking
    northeastward into a warm/moist air mass. Relatively strong
    low-level wind fields and steep low-level lapse rates suggest a
    continued risk of scattered wind damage with the strongest storms as
    they track across parts of IN/Lower MI/Northwest OH.

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue May 19 01:06:56 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 190106
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 190105

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0805 PM CDT Mon May 18 2026

    Valid 190100Z - 191200Z

    ...THERE IS AN ENHANCED RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    FAR NORTHERN OKLAHOMA...SOUTHERN AND EASTERN KANSAS INTO NORTHWEST MISSOURI...FAR SOUTHEAST NEBRASKA AND SOUTH-CENTRAL IOWA...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Numerous severe thunderstorms are expected this evening from the
    southern and central Plains into the mid Missouri Valley. Supercells
    and bowing line segments capable of producing severe wind gusts,
    tornadoes and large hail remain likely from eastern and southern
    Kansas into far southeast Nebraska, Iowa and northwest Missouri.

    ...Southern and Central Plains/Mid Missouri Valley...
    At the synoptic level, multiple shortwave troughs are ejecting
    northeastward across the central U.S. early this evening. A 50 to 70
    knot mid-level jet is translating northeastward across the central
    Plains, with a 40 to 50 knot low-level jet in place from northern
    Oklahoma into eastern Kansas and western Missouri. A squall-line is
    ongoing along the western edge of the low-level jet, and this line
    will move east-southeastward across the remainder of eastern Kansas
    into western Missouri this evening into tonight. Ahead of the line,
    strong instability is analyzed by the RAP with MLCAPE in the 3000 to
    4000 J/kg range. This, combined with strong large-scale ascent to
    the southeast of the mid-level jet, and moderate deep-layer shear
    evident on regional WSR-88D VWPs, will continue to support a severe
    threat with this line for the remainder of the evening. Severe wind
    gusts with be likely along the leading edge of the line. Large hail
    and tornadoes will also be possible with rotating elements embedded
    in the line.

    Further north-northeast into northeast Kansas, northwest Missouri
    and south-central Iowa, several semi-discrete supercells are
    ongoing. The Kansas City WSR-88D has 0-3 km storm-relative helicity
    near 475 ms/s2, which appears representative of the environment
    ahead of these storms. For this reason, a potential will continue
    for strong tornadoes over the next few hours. These supercells will
    also be capable of producing large hail and severe wind gusts.

    The squall-line will gradually move east-southeastward into the
    lower Missouri Valley and Ozarks from late this evening into the
    overnight period. The severe threat will become less widespread as
    relatively weaker instability is encountered later tonight.

    ...Southern Plains...
    At the surface, a 997 mb low is located over far northwestern
    Oklahoma, with a dryline extending southward across far western
    Oklahoma into west Texas. To the east of the dryline, the RAP has
    MLCAPE in the 3000 to 4000 J/kg range. Near the axis of the
    strongest instability, a few storms are ongoing across southwest
    Oklahoma, but weakening has recently occurred. Redevelopment will be
    possible later this evening. The strong instability combined with
    moderate deep-layer shear and steep low to mid-level lapse rates
    would support a threat for large hail and severe wind gusts, if
    cells can re-intensify. An isolated tornado threat will also be
    possible if a supercell could develop. Thunderstorms are expected to
    increase in coverage over much of Oklahoma during the overnight
    period, as a cold front moves southward. However, the severe threat
    should become more isolated tonight as instability gradually
    decreases across the region.

    ..Broyles.. 05/19/2026

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue May 19 05:44:57 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 190544
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 190543

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1243 AM CDT Tue May 19 2026

    Valid 191200Z - 201200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FROM PARTS OF THE
    SOUTHERN PLAINS INTO THE MID MISSISSIPPI VALLEY...AND LOWER GREAT
    LAKES...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Widely scattered severe thunderstorms will be possible today from
    the southern Plains northeastward into the mid Mississippi Valley
    and lower Great Lakes. Damaging winds and hail will be the primary
    threats. A greater threat for large hail is expected in the southern
    High Plains.

    ...Ozarks/Mid Mississippi and Ohio Valleys/Lower Great Lakes...
    At mid-levels today, a shortwave trough and an associated 75 to 90
    knot jet streak will move northeastward into the upper Mississippi
    Valley. At the surface, a cold front will advance southeastward
    through the lower Missouri Valley and Great Lakes. Along and ahead
    of the front, surface dewpoints will mostly be in the mid to upper
    60s F. This will contribute to the development of moderate
    instability over much of the pre-frontal airmass. Increasing
    low-level convergence near the front and warming surface
    temperatures will support scattered thunderstorm development by
    afternoon. Along much of the front, 0-6 km shear is forecast to be
    between 25 to 35 knots, suggesting that enough shear will be present
    for organized storms. The potential for severe wind gusts will be
    greatest along the leading edge of line segments that form in areas
    that heat up the most. The severe threat is expected to persist into
    the evening.

    ...Southern Plains...
    A mid-level shortwave trough will move northeastward into the
    southern High Plains today. Ahead of the trough, a moist and
    unstable airmass will be located over much of the southern Plains
    with surface dewpoints the upper 60s and lower 70s F. In response to
    surface heating, moderate instability will develop over much of the
    moist sector, with MLCAPE likely peaking in the 3000 to 4000 J/kg
    range in many areas. Increasing low-level convergence near the front
    will lead to thunderstorm development during the afternoon. The
    greatest convective coverage is forecast across west-central and
    north-central Texas, where low-level flow will be maximized. Ahead
    of the developing storms, forecast soundings by late afternoon show
    moderate deep-layer shear and steep mid-level lapse rates. This
    environment will support a potential for supercells with large hail,
    mainly with cells in the stronger instability that can remain
    discrete. A threat for severe wind gusts is also expected, with this
    threat increasing if a cold pool can organize during the late
    afternoon or evening. The severe threat could impact parts of the
    Texas Hill Country and east Texas later in the evening, before the
    threat becomes more isolated.

    ..Broyles/Squitieri.. 05/19/2026

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue May 19 13:00:30 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 191300
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 191258

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0758 AM CDT Tue May 19 2026

    Valid 191300Z - 201200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FROM THE SOUTHERN
    PLAINS INTO THE LOWER MISSISSIPPI VALLEY/MID-SOUTH...OHIO
    VALLEY...AND LOWER GREAT LAKES...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered severe thunderstorms will be possible today from the
    southern Plains into the lower Mississippi Valley/Mid-South, Ohio
    Valley, and lower Great Lakes. Damaging winds and hail will be the
    primary threats. A greater threat for large to very large hail
    should exist across parts of west-central Texas.

    ...Southern Plains into the Lower Mississippi Valley...
    Numerous thunderstorms are ongoing this morning across
    central/eastern OK into northwest AR and southern MO. Most of this
    activity is occurring along and north of a southward-moving cold
    front, and should therefore pose a limited severe risk in the short
    term. Eventual regeneration along the cold front and/or
    strengthening of ongoing activity should occur later today across TX
    into the lower MS Valley/Mid-South. Mid-level flow is forecast to
    remain fairly modest, and deep-layer shear for most areas will tend
    to be marginal. Still, filtered daytime heating of a moist low-level
    airmass will support moderate to strong instability along/ahead of
    the front by early afternoon. Scattered severe/damaging winds should
    be the main threat with loosely organized clusters and bowing line
    segments. This wind threat may continue to the TX/LA Coast this evening/overnight. Some potential for supercells should also exist
    across parts of west-central TX and vicinity, where steeper
    mid-level lapse rates and greater instability is forecast to be in
    place. Large hail appears possible with any supercells that can be
    sustained, and isolated 2+ inch diameter hail may occur. With time
    this evening, this convection may also grow upscale into a bowing
    cluster and pose a greater severe wind risk.

    ...Ohio Valley into the Lower Great Lakes and Northeast...
    Modestly enhanced mid-level southwesterly flow will be present today
    over the OH Valley and lower Great Lakes regions, as a positively
    tilted mid/upper-level trough moves from the Upper Midwest into
    eastern Canada. Isolated to scattered thunderstorms should develop
    along/ahead of a surface cold front this afternoon as the
    pre-frontal airmass gradually destabilizes. Stronger instability
    should be present this afternoon across the OH Valley, but greater
    deep-layer shear may tend to remain mostly displaced farther north.
    Even so, some thunderstorm organization should occur, with
    multicells and bowing line segments possible. Scattered
    severe/damaging winds should be the main threat, although isolated
    hail could occur with the strongest cores. This convection should
    spread into the lower Great Lakes by mid to late evening, before
    eventually weakening across the Northeast late tonight. A separate
    area of convection may develop this afternoon across parts of New
    England, and also pose a threat for mainly occasional damaging
    winds.

    ..Gleason/Marsh.. 05/19/2026

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue May 19 16:21:01 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 191620
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 191619

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1119 AM CDT Tue May 19 2026

    Valid 191630Z - 201200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS THIS AFTERNOON
    OVER PART OF THE OHIO VALLEY INTO NEW YORK...AND THROUGH TONIGHT
    OVER PARTS OF TEXAS....

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered severe thunderstorms will be possible today from the
    southern Plains into the lower Mississippi Valley/Mid-South, Ohio
    Valley, and lower Great Lakes. Damaging winds and hail will be the
    primary threats. A greater threat for large to very large hail
    should exist across parts of west-central Texas.

    ...OH Valley and Lower Great Lakes...
    Deep southwesterly flow is present today from southern IL into much
    of the OH Valley and NY. Visible satellite imagery shows mostly
    clear skies in the region, allowing strong destabilization and
    steepening low-level lapse rates. The result will be a rather large
    zone of favorable environment for strong/damaging wind gusts this
    afternoon with any organized convection. Given the continued trend
    in morning model guidance of scattered clusters of storms in this
    corridor, the SLGT risk area has been maintained.

    ...South-central TX...
    A warm/moist and unstable air mass will develop this afternoon
    across parts of west-central TX. Scattered thunderstorm development
    is expected along a cold front sagging into the region. with weak
    supercells structures possible. These storms will track
    southeastward through the late afternoon/evening with a large hail
    threat. Eventual upscale growth into bowing structures may extend
    the severe risk overnight into south-central TX.

    ...East TX/LA/AR...
    Widespread overnight convection continues to build southeastward
    across southeast OK and western AR. This activity will persist much
    of the day and spread across much of AR/East TX/northern LA, in a
    region of relatively weak vertical shear and poor lapse rates.
    Storms may occasionally pose a risk of gusty/damaging winds, but the
    overall threat appears marginal.

    ..Hart/Halbert.. 05/19/2026

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue May 19 19:55:02 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 191954
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 191953

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0253 PM CDT Tue May 19 2026

    Valid 192000Z - 201200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FROM THE LOWER
    OHIO VALLEY INTO THE LOWER GREAT LAKES...AND PARTS OF CENTRAL/SOUTH
    TEXAS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered severe thunderstorms will be possible today from the
    southern Plains into the lower Mississippi Valley/Mid-South, Ohio
    Valley, and lower Great Lakes. Damaging winds and hail will be the
    primary threats. A greater threat for large to very large hail
    should exist across parts of west-central Texas.

    ...20Z Update...
    The primary change to the forecast was to increase wind
    probabilities in parts of South Texas. Convection within the Rolling
    Plains should continue to develop this afternoon along a slowly
    moving cold front. Given the moisture surge ahead of this activity,
    it seems plausible that cold pool development will be robust enough
    to support continued development southward into the overnight.
    Recent HRRR guidance and the ECMWF support this possibility.
    Elsewhere, only minor changes where made based on current
    observations.

    ..Wendt.. 05/19/2026

    .PREV DISCUSSION... /ISSUED 1119 AM CDT Tue May 19 2026/

    ...OH Valley and Lower Great Lakes...
    Deep southwesterly flow is present today from southern IL into much
    of the OH Valley and NY. Visible satellite imagery shows mostly
    clear skies in the region, allowing strong destabilization and
    steepening low-level lapse rates. The result will be a rather large
    zone of favorable environment for strong/damaging wind gusts this
    afternoon with any organized convection. Given the continued trend
    in morning model guidance of scattered clusters of storms in this
    corridor, the SLGT risk area has been maintained.

    ...South-central TX...
    A warm/moist and unstable air mass will develop this afternoon
    across parts of west-central TX. Scattered thunderstorm development
    is expected along a cold front sagging into the region. with weak
    supercells structures possible. These storms will track
    southeastward through the late afternoon/evening with a large hail
    threat. Eventual upscale growth into bowing structures may extend
    the severe risk overnight into south-central TX.

    ...East TX/LA/AR...
    Widespread overnight convection continues to build southeastward
    across southeast OK and western AR. This activity will persist much
    of the day and spread across much of AR/East TX/northern LA, in a
    region of relatively weak vertical shear and poor lapse rates.
    Storms may occasionally pose a risk of gusty/damaging winds, but the
    overall threat appears marginal.

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed May 20 00:45:03 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 200045
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 200043

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0743 PM CDT Tue May 19 2026

    Valid 200100Z - 201200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    THE SOUTHERN PLAINS AND FROM THE OHIO VALLEY INTO THE LOWER GREAT
    LAKES...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated to scattered severe thunderstorms will be possible this
    evening from the southern Plains northeastward into mid Mississippi
    Valley and Lower Great Lakes. A greater threat for large hail will
    exist across parts of west-central Texas.

    ...Southern Plains...
    Southwest flow aloft is evident on water vapor imagery over the
    southern Plains. At the surface, an east-to-west oriented cold front
    is located across west and central Texas. Several strong
    thunderstorms are ongoing along the front. To the south of the
    front, surface dewpoints near 70 F are contributing to strong
    instability over the southern third of Texas, with the RAP showing
    MLCAPE in the 3000 to 4500 J/kg range. In addition, the RAP has
    steep mid-level lapse rates and moderate deep-layer shear analyzed
    across much of central and south Texas. This will be favorable for
    organized storms this evening capable of hail and severe wind gusts.
    Large hail will be most likely with any supercell that can develop.
    The severe threat is expected to move southward into south-central
    Texas by late evening. MCS development appears to be underway. As
    the convective coverage continues to increase, a transition to
    severe wind gusts as the primary threat is expected...see MCD 795.

    ...Mid Mississippi and Ohio Valleys/Lower Great Lakes...
    At mid-levels, a shortwave trough is evident on water vapor imagery
    over the Ohio Valley. A cold front is located from southern Indiana northeastward across central Ohio into the lower Great Lakes. A line
    of strong thunderstorms is ongoing near the front. Ahead of the
    front, surface dewpoints are in the 60s F which is enough for
    sufficient instability to support severe storm development. The RAP
    suggests that 0-3 km level lapse rates are still in the 7 to 7.5
    C/km ahead of the front from Ohio into northwest Pennsylvania. This
    could support isolated damaging wind gusts with the stronger cells
    embedded in the line...see MCD 797.

    ..Broyles.. 05/20/2026

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed May 20 05:07:08 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 200507
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 200505

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1205 AM CDT Wed May 20 2026

    Valid 201200Z - 211200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    WEST TEXAS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered severe storms with large hail and isolated severe gusts
    are expected today across parts of west Texas. A few storms with
    isolated severe gusts and hail will also be possible from the
    central Appalachians into the Mid-Atlantic and far southern New
    England.

    ...Southern High Plains...
    Southwesterly mid-level flow will remain in place today over the
    south-central U.S. At the surface, a quasi-stationary front will be
    positioned from west Texas eastward into the Texas Hill Country.
    South of the front, surface dewpoints in the 70s F will result in an
    axis of moderate instability. The strongest instability is forecast
    to develop from the lower Rio Grande River Valley
    north-northwestward into far west Texas and eastern new Mexico. As
    instability increases during the day and low-level convergence
    becomes focused along the front, scattered thunderstorms are
    expected to develop across far west Texas. These storms will move
    eastward into west-central Texas by early to mid evening. Additional
    storms may develop further north-northwest into eastern New Mexico.

    RAP forecast soundings along the instability axis in the late
    afternoon from Fort Stockton northward to Midland have MLCAPE near
    2000 J/kg. 0-6 km is forecast to be around 50 knots with 700-500 mb
    lapse rate from 7 to 8 C/km. This environment will be favorable for
    supercells with large hail. The more dominant storms will have
    potential for hailstones greater than 2 inches in diameter. Isolated
    severe wind gusts will also be possible. A more isolated severe
    threat may also develop further north-northwest across the southern
    High Plains along the instability axis.

    ...Central Appalachians/Mid-Atlantic/Far Southern New England... West-southwesterly mid-level flow will be in place today across much
    of the eastern U.S. At the surface, a cold front will advance
    southward across the central Appalachians and Mid-Atlantic. To the
    south of the front, surface dewpoints in the upper 60s F will enable
    an axis of moderate instability to develop by afternoon. MLCAPE is
    forecast to peak in the 1000 to 2000 J/kg range in most areas ahead
    of the front. Increasing low-level convergence near the front will
    lead to scattered thunderstorm development during the afternoon.
    These storms will move eastward across the central Appalachians,
    Mid-Atlantic and far southern New England. RAP forecast soundings at
    21Z along and near the instability axis have 0-6 km shear up to 25
    knots with steep low-level lapse rates. This should support a severe
    threat with multicell storms. Isolated severe wind gusts and hail
    will be possible. The severe threat may persist into the early
    evening.

    ..Broyles/Squitieri.. 05/20/2026

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed May 20 12:32:44 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 201232
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 201230

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0730 AM CDT Wed May 20 2026

    Valid 201300Z - 211200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    THE CENTRAL APPALACHIANS INTO THE MID-ATLANTIC AND SOUTHERN NEW
    ENGLAND...AND PARTS OF WEST/SOUTH-CENTRAL TEXAS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered severe/damaging winds and isolated hail will be possible
    with thunderstorms from the central Appalachians into the
    Mid-Atlantic and southern New England this afternoon and evening.
    Severe thunderstorms with large hail and isolated severe gusts may
    also occur today across parts of west/south-central Texas.

    ...Ohio Valley into the Mid-Atlantic and Southern New England...
    On the southern fringe of upper troughing over eastern Canada and
    the Great Lakes, a weak/convectively augmented mid-level shortwave
    trough will progress northeastward across the OH Valley and central Appalachians through the day, eventually reaching the Mid-Atlantic
    tonight. Robust daytime heating of a modestly moist low-level
    airmass (surface dewpoints generally in the low to mid 60s) ahead of
    a surface cold front will aid in the development of moderate
    instability by early afternoon. Ongoing convection across OH/KY this
    morning may eventually strengthen as it encounters this
    destabilizing airmass, and additional thunderstorms are expected to
    develop along/near the cold front by mid afternoon from the central Appalachians into portions of the Mid-Atlantic and southern New
    England.

    Stronger flow aloft will tend to lag/remain north of the cold front,
    but modest enhancement to the west-southwesterly mid-level flow
    along/near the front should support around 20-30 kt of deep-layer
    shear. This will be sufficient for some updraft organization with
    mainly multicells expected, although marginal supercell structures
    may occur. Low-level lapse rates are expected to become quite steep
    through the day, evidenced by a general lack of clouds on recent
    visible satellite imagery from central/eastern WV into the
    Mid-Atlantic. This will likely aid efficient downward momentum
    transfer in convective downdrafts, with scattered severe/damaging
    winds possible as multiple clusters spread east-northeastward
    through the afternoon/evening. Isolated hail may also occur with the
    stronger cores. A Slight Risk for severe/damaging winds has been
    introduced from parts of WV to southern New England given increased
    confidence in multiple clusters traversing a narrow zone along/ahead
    of the front.

    ...Eastern New Mexico into West/South-Central Texas...
    A squall line has generally moved offshore the lower/middle TX Coast
    this morning. In its wake, a post-frontal low-level upslope flow
    regime will persist today across west TX into eastern NM. Embedded
    within large-scale upper troughing over the Great Basin/Southwest, a low-amplitude shortwave trough over northern Mexico this morning
    will move northeastward across the southern High Plains by this
    afternoon. A relatively early start to convective development
    appears probable across the higher terrain of far west TX, possibly
    as early as 17-19Z. With a combination of moderate instability and
    40-50 kt of deep-layer shear forecast, supercells with mainly a
    large hail threat should be the primary mode initially. Additional
    robust thunderstorms may form later in the afternoon/early evening
    across a broader portion of the southern High Plains, and also pose
    a threat for large hail and isolated severe winds. Some potential
    for clustering this evening remains apparent into south-central TX,
    and supercells from north-central Mexico could also move into this
    region this evening/overnight.

    ..Gleason/Marsh.. 05/20/2026

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed May 20 16:03:00 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 201602
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 201601

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1101 AM CDT Wed May 20 2026

    Valid 201630Z - 211200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FROM WEST VIRGINIA
    INTO THE MID-ATLANTIC STATES AND SOUTHERN NEW ENGLAND...AND OVER
    PORTIONS OF SOUTHWEST TEXAS....

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered severe/damaging winds and isolated hail will be possible
    with thunderstorms from the central Appalachians into the
    Mid-Atlantic and southern New England this afternoon and evening.
    Severe thunderstorms with large hail and isolated severe gusts may
    also occur today across parts of west/south-central Texas.

    ...WV to Southern New England...
    A broad upper ridge is present today over the southeastern U.S.,
    with the southern fringe of stronger westerlies extending from the
    OH Valley into the Mid-Atlantic region. Visible satellite imagery
    shows a zone of relatively clear skies from KY/WV into southeast
    PA/NJ and southern New England. Strong heating in this corridor
    will lead to moderate CAPE by mid-afternoon. Scattered thunderstorm development is expected, with steep low-level lapse rates and
    sufficient westerly flow above the boundary-layer supporting a risk
    of damaging wind gusts and some hail in the strongest
    cores/clusters.

    ...Southwest TX...
    Water vapor imagery shows a southern stream shortwave trough moving
    into northwest Mexico, with large scale ascent approaching west TX. Considerable cloud cover will persist in this region today, limiting heating/destabilization. Easterly low-level upslope flow will aid
    in the development of afternoon thunderstorms over the Davis
    mountains, with storms spreading slowly eastward through the
    evening. A few severe storms are possible, capable of large hail
    and gusty/damaging winds.

    ..Hart/Dean.. 05/20/2026

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed May 20 19:58:02 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 201957
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 201956

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0256 PM CDT Wed May 20 2026

    Valid 202000Z - 211200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FROM EASTERN
    KENTUCKY INTO PARTS OF THE MID-ATLANTIC AND SOUTHERN NEW
    ENGLAND...AND PARTS OF SOUTHWEST TEXAS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered severe/damaging winds and isolated hail will be possible
    with thunderstorms from the central Appalachians into the
    Mid-Atlantic and southern New England this afternoon and evening.
    Severe thunderstorms with large hail and isolated severe gusts may
    also occur today across parts of west/south-central Texas.

    ...20Z Update...
    The forecast remains largely on track. Only minor adjustment to the
    wind probabilities were made based on current observations and
    recent guidance.

    ..Wendt.. 05/20/2026

    .PREV DISCUSSION... /ISSUED 1101 AM CDT Wed May 20 2026/

    ...WV to Southern New England...
    A broad upper ridge is present today over the southeastern U.S.,
    with the southern fringe of stronger westerlies extending from the
    OH Valley into the Mid-Atlantic region. Visible satellite imagery
    shows a zone of relatively clear skies from KY/WV into southeast
    PA/NJ and southern New England. Strong heating in this corridor
    will lead to moderate CAPE by mid-afternoon. Scattered thunderstorm development is expected, with steep low-level lapse rates and
    sufficient westerly flow above the boundary-layer supporting a risk
    of damaging wind gusts and some hail in the strongest
    cores/clusters.

    ...Southwest TX...
    Water vapor imagery shows a southern stream shortwave trough moving
    into northwest Mexico, with large scale ascent approaching west TX. Considerable cloud cover will persist in this region today, limiting heating/destabilization. Easterly low-level upslope flow will aid
    in the development of afternoon thunderstorms over the Davis
    mountains, with storms spreading slowly eastward through the
    evening. A few severe storms are possible, capable of large hail
    and gusty/damaging winds.

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu May 21 00:45:35 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 210045
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 210043

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0743 PM CDT Wed May 20 2026

    Valid 210100Z - 211200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FROM PARTS OF
    WEST AND SOUTHWEST TEXAS INTO SOUTH-CENTRAL TEXAS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated severe storms with hail and strong wind gusts will be
    possible across parts of west and southwest Texas this evening.
    Isolated severe gusts may also occur in south-central Texas in the
    late evening and early overnight period.

    ...West, Southwest and South-central Texas...
    A mid-level shortwave trough is evident over far west Texas.
    Large-scale ascent associated with the trough is providing support
    for scattered thunderstorm development early this evening. The
    storms are located near a quasi-stationary front extending eastward
    from near Fort Stockton into the Texas Hill Country. To the south of
    the front, surface dewpoints are mostly in the mid to upper 60s F.
    The RAP suggests that MLCAPE ranges from around 1000 J/kg near the
    front to about 2500 J/kg in the lower Rio Grande Valley southeast of
    Del Rio. As the shortwave trough moves into west-central Texas over
    the next few hours, new convection is expected to initiate from the
    far western Texas Hill Country into southwest Texas. In addition to
    moderate instability, the Del Rio 00Z sounding has 0-6 km shear
    around 30 knots with 700-500 mb lapse rates approaching 7.5 C/km.
    This environment will support isolated severe storm development.
    Rotating cells should be capable of isolated large hail. A few
    severe wind gusts could also occur. The potential for isolated
    severe gusts may continue after midnight across parts of
    south-central Texas, as a convective cluster crosses the Rio Grande
    River.

    ..Broyles.. 05/21/2026

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu May 21 05:53:35 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 210553
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 210552

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1252 AM CDT Thu May 21 2026

    Valid 211200Z - 221200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    EASTERN COLORADO...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Thunderstorms with a threat for large hail, isolated severe gusts
    and possibly a tornado are expected in parts of eastern Colorado
    from mid afternoon to early evening. Isolated large hail will also
    be possible in parts of the southern High Plains this afternoon.

    ...Central and Southern High Plains...
    An upper-level trough will move eastward into the central Rockies
    today. Ahead of the trough, a lee surface low will form over eastern
    Colorado. As surface temperatures warm, convection will initiate in
    the higher terrain near Denver and Colorado Springs. From this
    convection, storms will develop and move eastward into the central
    High Plains during the afternoon. In eastern Colorado, a
    north-to-south axis of instability will be in place by afternoon,
    where model forecasts have MLCAPE peaking around 1500 J/kg. In
    addition, late afternoon RAP forecast soundings in eastern Colorado
    have 0-6 km shear in the 45 to 55 knot range with 700-500 mb lapse
    rates near 8 C/km. This will be favorable for supercells with large
    hail and isolated severe gusts. If a supercell can become locally
    dominant, then a tornado will also be possible. The severe threat
    will likely persist into early evening.

    Further south into the southern High Plains, an axis of instability
    will be in place by afternoon. The strongest instability is forecast
    on the Caprock of west Texas, where 0-6 km shear is forecast to be
    around 30 knots. This, along with 700-500 mb lapse rates near 7
    C/km, may be enough for an isolated large hail threat.

    ..Broyles/Squitieri.. 05/21/2026

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu May 21 12:51:43 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 211251
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 211250

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0750 AM CDT Thu May 21 2026

    Valid 211300Z - 221200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    THE CENTRAL/SOUTHERN HIGH PLAINS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Thunderstorms capable of producing large hail and isolated severe
    gusts should occur across parts of the central/southern High Plains
    this afternoon and evening. A tornado or two may also occur.

    ...Central/Southern High Plains into South Texas...
    Within large-scale upper troughing over the northern Rockies/Great
    Basin, an embedded mid-level shortwave trough and associated jet
    will translate southeastward across the central Rockies and adjacent
    High Plains this afternoon and evening. Forcing for ascent preceding
    this feature will encourage initial isolated to scattered
    thunderstorm development across the higher terrain of central CO by
    mid afternoon. A weak southern-stream perturbation should also
    foster scattered convection farther south across the southern High
    Plains as well.

    The airmass across the central/southern High Plains should gradually destabilize today, as modest moisture in a persistent low-level
    upslope flow regime continues streaming northwestward across these
    regions beneath steepened mid-level lapse rates. Weak to moderate
    instability is forecast to be in place by mid afternoon, with
    sufficient deep-layer shear for a mix of multicells and supercells.
    Initial development should pose a threat for large hail, before
    eventual clustering this evening potentially results in a greater
    threat for severe winds. The primary change with this update was to
    expand the Marginal Risk across parts of west into south TX, where
    any convection which develops eastward may pose an isolated
    hail/wind threat this afternoon through tonight.

    ...Southern Virginia into North Carolina...
    Daytime heating south of a cold front should help steepen low-level
    lapse rates across parts of southern VA into NC by this afternoon.
    While both mid-level flow and lapse rates are expected to remain
    fairly modest across this area, an isolated threat for damaging
    winds may exist with loosely organized clusters that can develop
    along the higher terrain and/or sagging cold front this afternoon.

    ...Coastal Texas into the Lower Mississippi Valley...
    Another expansive MCS has moved offshore from the lower TX Coast
    this morning. Generally weak offshore surface flow continues across
    the middle/upper TX Coast into southern LA. Eventually, a more
    southerly component to the low-level winds may encourage greater
    low-level moisture to advance inland later today across parts of the
    lower MS Valley. While a couple of stronger thunderstorms with gusty
    winds appear possible, modest mid-level flow and poor lapse rates
    aloft should tend to limit the overall severe threat.

    ..Gleason/Marsh.. 05/21/2026

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu May 21 16:17:44 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 211617
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 211615

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1115 AM CDT Thu May 21 2026

    Valid 211630Z - 221200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS THIS AFTERNOON AND
    EVENING OVER PARTS OF EASTERN COLORADO....

    ...SUMMARY...
    Thunderstorms capable of producing large hail and isolated severe
    gusts should occur across parts of the central/southern High Plains
    this afternoon and evening. A tornado or two may also occur.

    ...High Plains...
    Water vapor imagery shows an upper trough moving across western
    WY/CO. This feature will spread weak/broad large scale forcing for
    ascent across much of the High Plains from SD to NM this afternoon.
    At the surface, southerly low level winds have resulted in an axis
    of 40s/50s dewpoints along this corridor. Low clouds are slowly
    eroding, which should result in moderate CAPE values and aid in the
    development of widely scattered afternoon thunderstorms.

    Isolated storms will likely form first over parts of eastern NM.
    This activity will build slowly eastward toward west TX with a risk
    of large hail.

    By mid/late afternoon, storms will likely develop off the Raton and
    Palmer ridges, spreading eastward toward western KS this evening.
    Shear profiles in this area will be stronger than farther south,
    supporting longer-lived storms capable of large hail, damaging
    winds, and perhaps a tornado or two.

    An isolated cell or two may also produce occasional severe hail over
    parts of eastern WY and into the Black Hills region later this
    afternoon.

    ...Carolinas/VA...
    Clear skies are leading to strong heating over parts of southern VA
    into part of NC/SC. Scattered afternoon thunderstorms are expected
    to form in this zone, with steep low-level lapse rates and
    sufficient CAPE supporting a risk of gusty/damaging winds in the
    strongest cells.

    ..Hart/Lyons.. 05/21/2026

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu May 21 19:57:41 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 211957
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 211956

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0256 PM CDT Thu May 21 2026

    Valid 212000Z - 221200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Thunderstorms capable of producing large hail and isolated severe
    gusts should occur across parts of the central/southern High Plains
    this afternoon and evening. A tornado or two may also occur.

    ...Discussion...
    The ongoing forecast remains on track. Moved Slight back farther
    west to where ongoing storms are in southeast Colorado and northeast
    New Mexico. MRMS MESH currently shows around 1 inch hail with these
    cells with some strengthening anticipated as they move into a more
    unstable airmass to the east. For additional information, see MCD
    812.

    A few stronger cells have developed across West Texas where greater
    instability has developed. Isolated large hail and severe wind gusts
    are possible, but the overall threat is expected to remain
    sub-severe. See MCD 813 for additional information about the storms
    in this area.

    Strong to isolated severe storms have developed across North
    Carolina and southern Virginia and are expected to persist through
    the afternoon and early evening. See MCD 814 for additional
    discussion.

    ..Bentley.. 05/21/2026

    .PREV DISCUSSION... /ISSUED 1115 AM CDT Thu May 21 2026/

    ...High Plains...
    Water vapor imagery shows an upper trough moving across western
    WY/CO. This feature will spread weak/broad large scale forcing for
    ascent across much of the High Plains from SD to NM this afternoon.
    At the surface, southerly low level winds have resulted in an axis
    of 40s/50s dewpoints along this corridor. Low clouds are slowly
    eroding, which should result in moderate CAPE values and aid in the
    development of widely scattered afternoon thunderstorms.

    Isolated storms will likely form first over parts of eastern NM.
    This activity will build slowly eastward toward west TX with a risk
    of large hail.

    By mid/late afternoon, storms will likely develop off the Raton and
    Palmer ridges, spreading eastward toward western KS this evening.
    Shear profiles in this area will be stronger than farther south,
    supporting longer-lived storms capable of large hail, damaging
    winds, and perhaps a tornado or two.

    An isolated cell or two may also produce occasional severe hail over
    parts of eastern WY and into the Black Hills region later this
    afternoon.

    ...Carolinas/VA...
    Clear skies are leading to strong heating over parts of southern VA
    into part of NC/SC. Scattered afternoon thunderstorms are expected
    to form in this zone, with steep low-level lapse rates and
    sufficient CAPE supporting a risk of gusty/damaging winds in the
    strongest cells.

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri May 22 00:42:52 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 220042
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 220040

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0740 PM CDT Thu May 21 2026

    Valid 220100Z - 221200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    THE CENTRAL HIGH PLAINS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Thunderstorms capable of producing large hail and isolated severe
    wind gusts will continue across parts of the central and southern
    High Plains evening. A tornado may also occur in the central High
    Plains.

    ...Central and Southern High Plains...
    The latest water vapor imagery shows a mid-level shortwave trough
    extending southward from the northern High Plains into the central
    Rockies, with another smaller-scale trough located in the central
    High Plains. At the surface, a low is located over southeast
    Colorado with a trough extending southward into eastern New Mexico.
    Scattered severe thunderstorms are ongoing in northeast Colorado. A
    severe line segment is also ongoing from far southwest Kansas south-southwestward into the far northwestern Texas Panhandle. These
    storms are located along and near an axis of moderate instability,
    where the RAP has MLCAPE in the 1000 to 2000 J/kg range. Moderate
    deep-layer shear is analyzed along the axis of instability. The
    Goodland WSR-88D VWP has 0-6km shear near 50 knots, which will
    support a threat for supercells this evening. The stronger storms
    will be capable of producing large hail and isolated severe wind
    gusts...see MCDs 821 and 819.

    Further south into the southern High Plains, two areas of scattered
    strong thunderstorms are ongoing. The first is west of Lubbock from
    far eastern New Mexico into west Texas. The second is in the western
    Texas Hill Country. The storms are located along an axis of moderate instability. Along this axis, deep-layer shear appears sufficient
    for an isolated severe threat early this evening.

    ..Broyles.. 05/22/2026

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri May 22 06:01:21 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 220601
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 220559

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1259 AM CDT Fri May 22 2026

    Valid 221200Z - 231200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    THE SOUTHERN HIGH PLAINS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Thunderstorms with large hail and severe wind gusts will be possible
    from late this afternoon into the evening in parts of the southern
    High Plains. Isolated severe gusts and hail may occur in parts of
    the mid Missouri Valley. A few severe gusts and a marginal tornado
    threat will also be possible from the central Gulf Coast States into
    the Tennessee and southern Ohio Valleys.

    ...Southern High Plains...
    A mid-level shortwave trough will move eastward into the southern
    High Plains today. Ahead of the trough, a moist and unstable airmass
    will be located across most of Texas and Oklahoma. Thunderstorms are
    expected to develop late this afternoon on the moisture gradient
    from the western Texas Panhandle southward into west Texas. These
    storms will move eastward across the southern High Plains during the
    late afternoon and evening.

    The strongest instability is forecast to develop this afternoon over
    the low Rolling Plains of northwest Texas, where model forecasts
    have MLCAPE peaking in the 2000 to 3000 J/kg range. Late afternoon
    forecast soundings in northwest Texas have 0-6 km shear around 30
    knots with 700-500 mb lapse rates near 8 C/km. This environment will
    support the development of supercells with large hail and severe
    wind gusts. Hailstones greater than 2 inches in diameter will be
    possible with supercells that become dominant. The greatest severe
    threat is expected to be in the evening as a broken line of storms
    moves into the stronger instability from the eastern Texas Panhandle
    southward into northwest Texas.

    ...Mid Missouri Valley...
    An upper-level trough and an associated mid-level jet streak will
    move northeastward today across the north-central U.S. At the
    surface, an axis of low-level moisture will be in place from eastern
    Kansas northward into eastern Nebraska. Ahead of the trough,
    scattered thunderstorms will develop in the afternoon along and near
    the moist axis. Surface dewpoints in the lower to mid 60s F will
    contribute to weak instability with MLCAPE likely peaking in the 500
    to 1000 J/kg range across eastern Nebraska. RAP forecast soundings
    near Omaha suggest that 0-6 km shear will reach 35 knots as the
    trough approaches this afternoon, which would support the
    development of low-topped supercells capable of isolated severe wind
    gusts and hail. The severe threat is expected to persist into the
    early evening.

    ...Central Gulf Coast States/Ohio and Tennessee Valleys...
    A negatively-tilted mid-level shortwave trough will move
    northeastward today across the east-central U.S. Ahead of the
    trough, low-level moisture advection will take place. By early
    afternoon, surface dewpoints will be from the mid 60s to lower 70s F
    from the central Gulf Coast states northward into the southern Ohio
    Valley. Moderate instability is expected by afternoon across much of
    the region with MLCAPE peaking between 1500 and 2500 J/kg. Locally
    stronger instability is expected across central Mississippi,
    east-central Kentucky, eastern Tennessee and northeast Georgia. As
    surface temperatures warm during the day, scattered thunderstorms
    will develop and move northeastward across the moist airmass.
    Steepening low-level lapse rates will support a potential for
    isolated severe wind gusts. In addition, hodographs across this
    unstable airmass are forecast to be somewhat curved, which should
    also support a marginal tornado threat.

    ..Broyles/Chalmers.. 05/22/2026

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri May 22 12:50:47 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 221250
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 221249

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0749 AM CDT Fri May 22 2026

    Valid 221300Z - 231200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FOR THE TEXAS
    PANHANDLE AND NORTHWEST TEXAS INTO SOUTHWEST OKLAHOMA...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Thunderstorms with large to very large hail and severe gusts are
    possible late this afternoon into the evening in parts of the
    southern High Plains.

    ...Southern High Plains...
    Modest cyclonic mid-level flow will extend from the Interior West
    through the base of the trough over the south-central U.S.
    Water-vapor imagery shows a weak disturbance migrating east across
    the Permian Basin this morning. A seasonably moist airmass
    maintained via southeasterly low-level flow will heat and become
    moderately to strongly unstable by mid afternoon.

    Model forecast soundings show relatively cool 500-mb temperatures
    (near -14 deg C) with steep low- to mid-level lapse rates later this
    afternoon. Strong heating will locally erode appreciable remaining
    convective inhibition and widely scattered thunderstorms will likely
    develop by late afternoon. Although westerly flow will likely
    remain modest (20 kt from 600 to 200 mb), strongly veering flow will
    result in 25-30 kt effective shear, supporting supercells initially.
    Large to very large hail will be possible with the more intense
    updrafts. Increasing storm coverage during the evening will tend to
    promote some upscale growth into a linear cluster with severe gusts
    becoming more prevalent. The risk for severe gusts (60-80 mph) may
    focus during the 00-03 UTC period before a gradual waning in
    coverage/intensity by late evening.

    ...Central Gulf Coast States/Ohio and Tennessee Valleys...
    Water-vapor imagery shows a disturbance moving northeastward across
    the ArkLaMiss this morning and moving towards western portions of
    TN/KY and the lower OH Valley. Surface analysis indicates a moist
    airmass featuring dewpoints ranging from the upper 60s over TN to
    the lower 70s over the central Gulf Coast. Despite widespread cloud
    cover, some thinning of the cloud shield is expected as temperatures
    slowly warm through the early afternoon. Models generally show weak
    buoyancy (500-1000 J/kg MLCAPE) and skinny CAPE profiles and
    tempered lapse rates (reference the Nashville and Birmingham 12 UTC
    raobs). However, models show some enhancement/strengthening of
    925-500 mb flow moving northeastward across MS/AL into TN through
    the mid-late afternoon. As a result, some enlargement of hodographs
    will likely occur during the diurnal heating cycle and a few weak
    supercell structures will probably develop. Yet, the ongoing
    thunderstorm band over eastern MS may be ill timed as it moves
    northeastward across western/northern AL through midday.
    Nonetheless, an isolated risk for a tornado seems possible over much
    of this general region. A risk for isolated damaging gusts may also
    accompany some of the stronger thunderstorms before this activity
    wanes by the early evening.

    ...Mid Missouri Valley...
    An upper-level trough and an associated mid-level jet streak will
    move northeastward today across the north-central U.S. At the
    surface, an axis of low-level moisture will be in place from eastern
    Kansas northward into eastern Nebraska. Ahead of the trough,
    scattered thunderstorms will develop in the afternoon along and near
    the moist axis. Surface dewpoints in the lower to mid 60s F will
    contribute to weak instability with MLCAPE likely peaking in the 500
    to 1000 J/kg range across eastern Nebraska. RAP forecast soundings
    near Omaha suggest that 0-6 km shear will reach 35 knots as the
    trough approaches this afternoon, which would support the
    development of low-topped supercells capable of isolated severe wind
    gusts and hail. The severe threat is expected to persist into the
    early evening.

    ..Smith/Weinman.. 05/22/2026

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri May 22 16:06:49 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 221606
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 221604

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1104 AM CDT Fri May 22 2026

    Valid 221630Z - 231200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS THIS AFTERNOON AND
    EVENING OVER PARTS OF WEST TX AND WESTERN OKLAHOMA...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Thunderstorms with large hail and severe gusts are possible late
    this afternoon into the evening in parts of the southern High
    Plains. A few brief tornadoes are also possible across the Mid
    South.

    ...TX/OK...
    A weak upper trough is moving across CO today, with the tail end of
    large scale forcing spreading across the TX Panhandle. At the
    surface, southeasterly winds will maintain a moist air mass into the
    region, where a dryline will become the focus for afternoon
    thunderstorm development. Weak mid-level winds of 20-30 knots
    suggest that storms will be a mix of multicell and supercell
    structures capable of large hail and damaging winds. Merging
    outflows are expected as activity spreads eastward into western OK
    and eventually north TX tonight, with a continued risk of locally
    damaging winds.

    ...Northeast NE/KS/Northwest OK...
    A cold front is sagging southeastward into KS/NE, where a moist and
    moderately unstable air mass will be present this afternoon.
    Scattered thunderstorms are expected along/ahead of the front, with
    a low-end risk of hail in the stronger cells.

    ...TN/MS/AL/GA...
    A broad area of moderately strong southerly low-level winds are
    present today over parts of the Mid-South and TN Valley, along with
    a very moist air mass with dewpoints in the 70s. Forecast soundings
    show rather weak CAPE, but sufficient low-level shear for some
    concern for tornadoes today. There have been occasional
    mesocyclones in the thunderstorms in this region, and that will
    likely continue through the afternoon as the low-level jet shifts
    northward into northern AL/middle TN. Overall confidence in the
    tornado threat suggests the threat remains Marginal, but a tactical
    upgrade to portions of the area remains possible this afternoon.

    ..Hart/Lyons.. 05/22/2026

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri May 22 19:36:18 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 221936
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 221934

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0234 PM CDT Fri May 22 2026

    Valid 222000Z - 231200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    NORTHWEST TEXAS AND WESTERN OKLAHOMA...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Thunderstorms with large hail and severe gusts are possible late
    this afternoon into the evening in parts of the southern High
    Plains. A few brief tornadoes are also possible across the Mid
    South.

    ...20z Update...

    Only minor adjustments have been made to the Marginal (level 1 of 5)
    risk across southwest Kansas based on the current location of the
    surface cold front. Scattered thunderstorms will increase across the
    southern High Plains late this afternoon into this evening, posing a
    risk for damaging wind gusts and isolated large hail.

    Across the TN Valley vicinity, sporadic rotating storms may persist
    another couple of hours and a brief tornado is possible. However,
    the 30-40 kt low-level jet will continue to shift northward with
    time and away from the axis of stronger instability. Otherwise,
    sporadic gusty winds are possible through evening. For more short
    term details, reference MCDs 825 and 826.

    ..Leitman.. 05/22/2026

    .PREV DISCUSSION... /ISSUED 1104 AM CDT Fri May 22 2026/

    ...TX/OK...
    A weak upper trough is moving across CO today, with the tail end of
    large scale forcing spreading across the TX Panhandle. At the
    surface, southeasterly winds will maintain a moist air mass into the
    region, where a dryline will become the focus for afternoon
    thunderstorm development. Weak mid-level winds of 20-30 knots
    suggest that storms will be a mix of multicell and supercell
    structures capable of large hail and damaging winds. Merging
    outflows are expected as activity spreads eastward into western OK
    and eventually north TX tonight, with a continued risk of locally
    damaging winds.

    ...Northeast NE/KS/Northwest OK...
    A cold front is sagging southeastward into KS/NE, where a moist and
    moderately unstable air mass will be present this afternoon.
    Scattered thunderstorms are expected along/ahead of the front, with
    a low-end risk of hail in the stronger cells.

    ...TN/MS/AL/GA...
    A broad area of moderately strong southerly low-level winds are
    present today over parts of the Mid-South and TN Valley, along with
    a very moist air mass with dewpoints in the 70s. Forecast soundings
    show rather weak CAPE, but sufficient low-level shear for some
    concern for tornadoes today. There have been occasional
    mesocyclones in the thunderstorms in this region, and that will
    likely continue through the afternoon as the low-level jet shifts
    northward into northern AL/middle TN. Overall confidence in the
    tornado threat suggests the threat remains Marginal, but a tactical
    upgrade to portions of the area remains possible this afternoon.

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat May 23 00:53:51 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 230053
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 230052

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0752 PM CDT Fri May 22 2026

    Valid 230100Z - 231200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    THE SOUTHERN HIGH PLAINS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Thunderstorms with large hail, severe gusts and a few brief
    tornadoes are possible this evening in parts of the southern High
    Plains. Isolated severe gusts will also be possible in the
    Ark-La-Tex/lower Mississippi Valley

    ...Southern High Plains...
    On water vapor imagery, a mid-level shortwave trough is evident over
    the southern High Plains. At the surface, a dryline is located
    across west Texas. To the east of the dryline, surface dewpoints are
    in the 60s F and the RAP has MLCAPE in the 2000 to 3500 J/kg range.
    Scattered thunderstorms are ongoing along the western edge of
    moderate instability from near Amarillo south-southeastward into the
    low Rolling Plains. Ahead of the storms, forecast soundings in
    northwest Texas have 35 to 40 knots of deep-layer shear with 700-500
    mb lapse rates near 7.5 C/km. This will support a potential for
    isolated supercells with large hail. Hailstones greater than 2
    inches in diameter will be possible. In addition, the stronger
    storms could be associated with a brief tornado threat. Severe wind
    gusts will also be possible, and this threat could increase as the
    storms continue to become more linear later this evening...see MCD
    830.

    Further south across the remainder of west Texas, storms will be
    more widely spaced. Moderate instability and steep mid-level lapse
    rates will support a potential for isolated supercells with
    hail...see MCD 831.

    ...Ark-La-Tex/Lower Mississippi Valley...
    The latest RAP has an axis of moderate to strong instability
    analyzed from northeast Texas eastward across northern Louisiana,
    where MLCAPE is in the 2500 to 3500 J/kg range. Along this corridor,
    low-level lapse rates are steep. This thermodynamic environment will
    support multicells with an isolated potential for severe wind gusts
    early this evening.

    ..Broyles.. 05/23/2026

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat May 23 05:28:53 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 230528
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 230527

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1227 AM CDT Sat May 23 2026

    Valid 231200Z - 241200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    THE SOUTHERN PLAINS...WESTERN AND CENTRAL GULF COAST...FROM GEORGIA
    INTO SOUTH CAROLINA...AND ACROSS OHIO...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Thunderstorms with isolated severe wind gusts and hail will be
    possible this afternoon and evening across parts of the southern
    Plains. A few strong wind gusts and an isolated tornado threat will
    be possible from southeast Texas into southern Louisiana. A few
    strong gusts may also occur from Georgia into South Carolina. An
    isolated tornado threat is also expected in parts of Ohio.

    ...Southern High Plains...
    An upper-level trough will move eastward today across the Great
    Plains. At the surface, a broad moist sector will be in place across
    the southern Plains where dewpoints will be mostly in the 60s F. In
    response, an axis of moderate instability will develop by afternoon
    from the Texas Panhandle southward into west Texas. Scattered
    thunderstorms are expected to form during the mid to late afternoon
    near this axis of instability. RAP forecast soundings in the Texas
    Panhandle in the late afternoon have MLCAPE near 1500 J/kg and 0-6
    km shear in the 25 to 35 knot range, with 700-500 mb lapse rates
    around 8 C/km. This should support a marginal severe threat.
    Isolated large hail and a few strong wind gusts will be possible.

    ...South-central and Southeast Texas/Southern Louisiana...
    In the coastal areas of the western and central Gulf, very moist air
    will be in place. Surface dewpoints in the lower to mid 70s F will
    contribute to moderate instability by midday. Thunderstorms will
    form along sea breeze boundaries during the early to mid afternoon.
    A few severe wind gusts and a brief tornado will be possible.

    Further west into parts of south-central Texas, moderate to strong
    instability is forecast by afternoon with MLCAPE peaking in the 2500
    to 3500 J/kg range. This, combined with moderate deep-layer shear,
    may support isolated severe storm development this afternoon. The
    primary threats would be for hail and isolated severe wind gusts.

    ...Georgia/South Carolina...
    A mid-level shortwave trough will move across the Southeast today.
    At the surface, moist air will be in place from the Gulf Coast
    states into the Carolinas, where moderate instability will develop
    by midday. During the afternoon, scattered thunderstorms will form
    from Georgia into South Carolina. As instability increases during
    the day, low-level lapse rates will become steep. This should be
    sufficient for an isolated potential for severe wind gusts.

    ...Ohio...
    Southwesterly mid-level flow will be in place over the Ohio Valley
    and lower Great Lakes today. At the surface, an axis of low-level
    moisture will be located from eastern Kentucky into central and
    northern Ohio, where dewpoints will be in the mid to upper 60s F. As instability increases during the day, scattered thunderstorms are
    expected to develop and move northeastward across the instability
    corridor. RAP forecast soundings in central Ohio at 21Z have 0-6 km
    shear near 30 knots with 0-3 km storm-relative helicity around 150
    m2/s2. This could be enough for an isolated tornado threat.

    ..Broyles/Chalmers.. 05/23/2026

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat May 23 12:51:56 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 231251
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 231250

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0750 AM CDT Sat May 23 2026

    Valid 231300Z - 241200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    THE SOUTHERN PLAINS AND CENTRAL HIGH PLAINS...WESTERN AND CENTRAL
    GULF COAST...GEORGIA INTO SOUTH CAROLINA...AND ACROSS OHIO...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated severe thunderstorms are possible today across the lower
    Mississippi Valley and into parts of Texas. Other isolated severe
    storms are possible in portions of the Southeast, Ohio, and the
    central High Plains.

    ...Southern High Plains...
    Weak mid-level flow and an ill-defined surface pattern aptly
    characterize the severe-potential setup for later today into the
    evening across this region. Residual low-level moisture and steep
    700-500 mb lapse rates (reference the 12 UTC Midland, TX raob; 8.7
    deg C/km) in combination with strong heating will result in moderate instability developing by mid-late afternoon. Scattered
    thunderstorms are forecast to develop from near the CO/OK-TX
    Panhandles border region southward into the Edwards Plateau.
    Isolated large hail and severe gusts will be the primary severe
    hazards with the stronger storms. Some clustering is expected
    during the evening before this activity diminishes by late evening.

    ...South-central and Southeast Texas/Southern Louisiana...
    In the coastal areas of the western and central Gulf, very moist air
    will be in place. Surface dewpoints in the lower to mid 70s F will
    contribute to moderate instability by midday. Thunderstorms will
    form along sea breeze boundaries during the early to mid afternoon.
    A few severe wind gusts and a brief tornado will be possible.
    Farther north over the Ark-La-Miss, some heating ahead of a
    north-south band of showers/thunderstorms associated with an MCV
    over OK, will contribute to a marginally supportive wind-damage
    risk. Have expanded low-wind probabilities to account for
    observational trends of a semi-organized band of storms continuing
    east into the Ark-La-Miss during peak heating.

    ...Georgia/South Carolina...
    A weak mid-level disturbance over MS/AL this morning will move east-northeastward today. Adequate heating of a moist boundary
    layer will yield 500-1000 J/kg MLCAPE by early afternoon and
    scattered showers/thunderstorms are forecast. Deep-layer shear will
    support some multicellular organization in the form of a few
    thunderstorm clusters. The stronger water-loaded downdrafts will
    potentially yield a localized wind-damage risk during the afternoon
    before this threat wanes by early evening.

    ...Central High Plains...
    Latest model guidance shows isolated thunderstorms developing late
    this afternoon within a belt of stronger cyclonic mid-level flow
    associated with a north-central U.S. larger-scale mid-level trough.
    The 30-40 kt 500-mb flow and steepened surface to 400-mb lapse rates
    may support a couple of locally stronger thunderstorms to develop
    towards early evening. Locally severe hail/wind will be the threat
    with these storms.

    ...Ohio...
    Southwesterly mid-level flow will be in place over the Ohio Valley
    and lower Great Lakes today. At the surface, an axis of low-level
    moisture will be located from eastern Kentucky into central and
    northern Ohio, where dewpoints will be in the mid to upper 60s F. As instability increases during the day, scattered thunderstorms are
    expected to develop and move northeastward across the instability
    corridor. RAP forecast soundings in central Ohio at 21Z have 0-6 km
    shear near 30 knots with 0-3 km storm-relative helicity around 150
    m2/s2. This could be enough for an isolated tornado threat.

    ..Smith/Weinman.. 05/23/2026

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat May 23 16:36:26 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 231636
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 231634

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1134 AM CDT Sat May 23 2026

    Valid 231630Z - 241200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS THE LOWER
    MISSISSIPPI VALLEY AND SOUTHERN HIGH PLAINS/WEST TEXAS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Severe thunderstorms are possible today mainly across the Lower
    Mississippi Valley and parts of West Texas. Other more isolated
    severe storms are possible in portions of the Southeast, Ohio, and
    the central High Plains.

    ...Lower Mississippi Valley...
    An ongoing semi-well-organized cluster of storms appears to be aided
    by an MCV, and will likely continue east-northeastward today across
    the ArkLaMiss and broader parts of Mississippi, to the north of more
    extensive weaker convection closer to the coast in southern
    Louisiana. Ample heating ahead of the cluster and steepening
    low-level lapse rates will support wind potential aside from a
    modest MCV-related flow enhancement. A brief tornado could also
    occur, although thunderstorm wind damage is most probable.

    ...West Texas/Southern High Plains...
    Relatively weak mid-level flow and an ill-defined surface pattern
    aptly characterize the severe-potential setup for later today into
    the evening across this region. Residual low-level moisture and
    steep 700-500 mb lapse rates (reference the 12 UTC Midland, TX raob;
    8.7 deg C/km) in combination with strong heating will result in
    moderate instability developing by mid-late afternoon, stronger with
    southward extent across the Texas South Plains into southwest Texas.
    At least widely scattered thunderstorms are forecast to develop from
    near the Colorado/Panhandles border region southward into the
    Edwards Plateau. Isolated large hail and severe wind gusts will be
    the primary severe hazards. A gradual clustering is expected during
    the evening before this activity diminishes by late evening.

    ...Georgia/South Carolina...
    A weak mid-level disturbance will move east-northeastward today.
    Ahead of it, adequate heating of a moist boundary layer will yield
    500-1000 J/kg MLCAPE by early afternoon and scattered
    showers/thunderstorms are forecast. Deep-layer shear will support
    some multicellular organization in the form of a few thunderstorm
    clusters. The stronger water-loaded downdrafts will potentially
    yield a localized wind-damage risk during the afternoon before this
    threat wanes by early evening.

    ...Central High Plains...
    Isolated thunderstorms are expected to develop late this afternoon
    within a belt of stronger cyclonic mid-level flow associated with a north-central U.S. larger-scale mid-level trough. The 30-40 kt
    500-mb flow and steepened surface to 400-mb lapse rates may support
    a couple of locally stronger thunderstorms late this afternoon
    through early evening. Locally severe hail/wind will be the threats
    with these storms.

    ...Ohio...
    A couple of rotating storms could develop regionally this afternoon
    within a belt of residually strong low-level flow. A brief/low-end
    tornado threat may exist.

    ..Guyer/Lyons.. 05/23/2026

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat May 23 19:29:57 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 231929
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 231928

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0228 PM CDT Sat May 23 2026

    Valid 232000Z - 241200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PORTIONS OF
    THE LOWER MISSISSIPPI VALLEY AND THE SOUTHERN HIGH PLAINS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Severe thunderstorms are possible through evening, mainly across the
    Lower Mississippi Valley and parts of West Texas. Other more
    isolated severe storms are possible in portions of the Southeast,
    Ohio, and the central High Plains.

    ...20z Update...

    The only changes to the 20z Day 1 Outlook are to remove
    probabilities across parts of TX/LA/MS in the wake of an northeastward-advancing MCS. Otherwise, forecast reasoning remains
    similar to the previous outlook, detailed below. For more detailed
    information on short term severe potential along the TX Coast and
    the central High Plains, reference MCDs 838 and 839.

    ..Leitman.. 05/23/2026

    .PREV DISCUSSION... /ISSUED 1134 AM CDT Sat May 23 2026/

    ...Lower Mississippi Valley...
    An ongoing semi-well-organized cluster of storms appears to be aided
    by an MCV, and will likely continue east-northeastward today across
    the ArkLaMiss and broader parts of Mississippi, to the north of more
    extensive weaker convection closer to the coast in southern
    Louisiana. Ample heating ahead of the cluster and steepening
    low-level lapse rates will support wind potential aside from a
    modest MCV-related flow enhancement. A brief tornado could also
    occur, although thunderstorm wind damage is most probable.

    ...West Texas/Southern High Plains...
    Relatively weak mid-level flow and an ill-defined surface pattern
    aptly characterize the severe-potential setup for later today into
    the evening across this region. Residual low-level moisture and
    steep 700-500 mb lapse rates (reference the 12 UTC Midland, TX raob;
    8.7 deg C/km) in combination with strong heating will result in
    moderate instability developing by mid-late afternoon, stronger with
    southward extent across the Texas South Plains into southwest Texas.
    At least widely scattered thunderstorms are forecast to develop from
    near the Colorado/Panhandles border region southward into the
    Edwards Plateau. Isolated large hail and severe wind gusts will be
    the primary severe hazards. A gradual clustering is expected during
    the evening before this activity diminishes by late evening.

    ...Georgia/South Carolina...
    A weak mid-level disturbance will move east-northeastward today.
    Ahead of it, adequate heating of a moist boundary layer will yield
    500-1000 J/kg MLCAPE by early afternoon and scattered
    showers/thunderstorms are forecast. Deep-layer shear will support
    some multicellular organization in the form of a few thunderstorm
    clusters. The stronger water-loaded downdrafts will potentially
    yield a localized wind-damage risk during the afternoon before this
    threat wanes by early evening.

    ...Central High Plains...
    Isolated thunderstorms are expected to develop late this afternoon
    within a belt of stronger cyclonic mid-level flow associated with a north-central U.S. larger-scale mid-level trough. The 30-40 kt
    500-mb flow and steepened surface to 400-mb lapse rates may support
    a couple of locally stronger thunderstorms late this afternoon
    through early evening. Locally severe hail/wind will be the threats
    with these storms.

    ...Ohio...
    A couple of rotating storms could develop regionally this afternoon
    within a belt of residually strong low-level flow. A brief/low-end
    tornado threat may exist.

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun May 24 00:50:01 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 240049
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 240048

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0748 PM CDT Sat May 23 2026

    Valid 240100Z - 241200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS THIS EVENING INTO
    TONIGHT ACROSS PARTS OF THE TEXAS PANHANDLE INTO WESTERN NORTH
    TEXAS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    One or two evolving clusters of thunderstorms will probably be
    accompanied by strong to locally severe wind gusts while spreading
    from the Texas Panhandle vicinity through western North Texas this
    evening into the overnight hours.

    ...01z Update...

    ...Southern Great Plains...
    Considerable thunderstorm development is generally slowly spreading
    eastward after initiating along the dryline, roughly from near
    Clovis, NM into the Midland vicinity. However, at least somewhat
    more prominent convective development continues to evolve farther to
    the north, after initiating off the higher terrain to the east of
    Raton and portions of the Sangre de Cristo Mountains. This is
    appearing to be aided by stronger, albeit still modest,
    northwesterly shear near the southern fringe of the westerlies,
    within otherwise quite weak westerly ambient deep-layer mean flow
    around or less than 10 kt, which prevails across much of the
    southern Great Plains.

    CAPE is somewhat modest as well, generally on the order of 1000-1500
    J/kg across the high plains, but the boundary-layer has become
    deeply mixed, with surface temperature-dew point spreads around or
    in excess of 30F. In the presence of the more favorable shear, the
    northern cluster has already generated a notable southeastward
    surging cold pool accompanied by strong to locally severe wind
    gusts. It appears that this will continue southeastward across much
    of the southern Texas Panhandle during the next few hours. More
    uncertainty exists later as it begins to interact with the
    convection spreading off the dryline, but at least some convection
    allowing guidance suggests that an outflow boundary intersection
    could become a focus for continuing thunderstorm development with
    strong to severe gusts into portions of western North Texas late
    this evening or overnight.

    ...Southeastern Louisiana coast...
    Low severe wind probabilities are being maintained tonight, as an
    outflow boundary remains a focus for thunderstorm development mostly
    offshore into the vicinity of southeastern coastal areas. Aided by
    inflow of high moisture content air supportive of moderately large
    CAPE, ongoing activity could still organize and intensify in the
    presence of modest shear and southwesterly ambient deep-layer mean
    flow up to around 20 kt.

    ..Kerr.. 05/24/2026

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun May 24 05:57:31 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 240557
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 240555

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1255 AM CDT Sun May 24 2026

    Valid 241200Z - 251200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS TODAY ACROSS
    PARTS OF THE SOUTHEAST AND LATE THIS AFTERNOON AND EVENING ACROSS
    PARTS OF THE CENTRAL GREAT PLAINS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Strong thunderstorms may impact parts of the central Great Plains
    and Southeast today into tonight, accompanied by at least some risk
    for severe weather.

    ...Discussion...
    Mid/upper flow is undergoing gradual amplification across the
    northern mid-latitude Pacific. It appears that this will continue
    through this period, with a fairly significant mid-level trough and
    associated cyclone approaching the British Columbia and Pacific
    Northwest coast by late tonight. Downstream, mid-level heights will
    tend to rise across the northern Rockies and much of the Missouri
    Valley through Upper Midwest, with troughing farther east generally
    receding into the eastern Canadian provinces and adjacent portions
    of the Northeast.

    In the southern mid- to subtropical latitudes, a notable mid-level
    high is forecast to be maintained and remain centered to the
    west-southwest of Bermuda. Upstream, it appears that weak upper
    troughing will linger across eastern Texas through the western Gulf
    Basin, with perhaps an associated mid-level cyclonic circulation
    centered across the upper Texas coastal plain, as the leading edge
    of broad weak troughing emerging from the subtropical eastern
    Pacific progresses through the Southwest.

    As the stronger mid-latitude westerlies become increasingly confined
    to areas near and north of the western and central Canadian/U.S.
    border area, and the lower Great Lakes/Northeast, seasonably high boundary-layer moisture content will generally remain confined to
    the Gulf Coast states and southern Atlantic Seaboard. However,
    modest low-level moisture return appears probable along and east of
    weak lee surface troughing across the central Great Plains.

    ...Central Great Plains...
    Substantive spread remains evident within latest model output,
    including convection allowing guidance, concerning developments
    which will influence convective potential this afternoon into
    tonight. The risk for severe weather, in general, still seems
    likely to be limited by weak forcing for ascent, seasonably modest
    low-level moisture return, and modest to weak late afternoon into
    early evening deep-layer mean wind fields.

    However, due to veering of wind fields with height beneath modest
    west to northwesterly mid/upper flow, vertical shear along and east
    of the lee surface trough may become at least marginally sufficient
    for organized convection, including supercells. And any
    thunderstorm development persisting into mid/late evening may be
    augmented by a nocturnally strengthening southerly low-level jet
    (including 30-40 kt around 850 mb).

    In the presence of steep lapse rates, thermodynamic profiles
    probably will become supportive of storms capable of producing large
    hail during peak late afternoon instability into early evening,
    particularly where it appears shear may be strongest across parts of
    the middle Missouri Valley vicinity. Otherwise, widely scattered to
    scattered storms may pose a risk for strong to locally severe wind
    gusts into mid to late evening, before instability wanes and
    convection weakens.

    ...Southeast...
    Severe weather potential across the Gulf Coast states into Southeast
    today remains uncertain, with little clear signal evident in latest
    model output. However, a notable cluster of storms, which has
    weakened since becoming better organized offshore of the Louisiana
    coast earlier this evening, has generated a meso-beta scale lower/mid-tropospheric cyclonic vorticity center. It appears that
    this may migrate inland across the western Florida Panhandle
    vicinity near or shortly after daybreak, before continuing
    northeastward during the day. As it does, based on potential
    instability present in latest objective analysis, it could become a
    focus for slowly intensifying and organizing thunderstorm
    development which could eventually pose increasing potential to
    produce damaging wind gusts.

    ..Kerr/Chalmers.. 05/24/2026

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun May 24 12:43:02 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 241242
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 241241

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0741 AM CDT Sun May 24 2026

    Valid 241300Z - 251200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS TODAY ACROSS
    PARTS OF THE SOUTHEAST AND LATE THIS AFTERNOON AND EVENING FROM
    KANSAS INTO MINNESOTA...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated severe thunderstorms are possible from Kansas into
    Minnesota and across portions of the Southeast today into tonight,
    accompanied by at least some risk for severe weather.

    ...Central Great Plains into MN...
    An upper trough over the Upper Midwest will move east into the Great
    Lakes with zonal flow extending east from the northern Rockies into
    the north-central states. The 12 UTC raob at Norman, OK sampled
    only a modestly moist airmass (10.5 g/kg lowest 100-mb mean mixing
    ratio) with surface stations farther north in the central Plains
    observing lower surface dewpoints than in OK. The moisture quality
    and weak forcing regime will probably limit overall storm
    coverage/intensity. However, isolated to widely scattered storms
    are forecast near a weak surface trough later this afternoon and
    evening. Vertical wind shear will support organized storms
    including the possibility for a few supercells, mainly from NE into
    MN. Large hail appears to be the primary hazard but severe gusts
    are also possible. Farther south into KS where deep-layer shear is
    forecast to be weaker, steep lapse rates will yield potential for
    isolated severe gusts with the stronger evaporatively cooled
    downdrafts.

    ...Southeast...
    Water-vapor imagery this morning shows upper troughing extending
    from the Upper Midwest southward into the northwest Gulf Coast.
    Downstream of this eastward-migrating upper feature, an MCV over
    southern AL will move northeast into GA later today and serve as the
    primary impetus for severe-weather potential. The WSR-88D VAD in
    Mobile, AL (KMOB) this morning sampled a belt of stronger 3-6 km
    flow (30-40 kt) associated with the disturbance. Seasonably rich
    low-level moisture and heating ahead of the ongoing convective
    band/cloud shield will result in moderate buoyancy by midday. This
    buoyancy and forcing for ascent will promote scattered thunderstorms
    developing in the form of linear clusters. The stronger
    water-loaded downdrafts will be capable of localized 50-65 mph gusts
    and isolated wind damage through the early evening before this
    activity subsides.

    ..Smith/Weinman.. 05/24/2026

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun May 24 16:43:03 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 241642
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 241641

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1141 AM CDT Sun May 24 2026

    Valid 241630Z - 251200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS
    SIOUXLAND/MIDDLE MISSOURI VALLEY...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Severe storms capable of hail/wind may occur across the Middle
    Missouri Valley/Siouxland later this afternoon into evening, with
    isolated severe storms also possible this afternoon/early evening
    across other parts of the central and southern Plains and Southeast.

    ...Middle Missouri Valley/Siouxland...
    Limited/late-day-arriving forcing for ascent and modest-caliber
    low-level moisture return by late May standards continues to temper
    forecast confidence details. However, overall environment and
    scenario appears to warrant a categorical Slight Risk centered on
    Siouxland given some potential for supercells capable of large hail
    later this afternoon through early/mid-evening.

    A low-amplitude shortwave trough currently over Montana will
    eventually influence the region, but generally not until this
    evening. Low-level moisture will modestly increase but be offset by
    diurnal mixing, near/east of a deepening surface low near the South Dakota/Nebraska border vicinity. Low-level convergence will maximize
    in this corridor, including northeast Nebraska/southeast South
    Dakota/far northwest Iowa and at least isolated late-day storm
    development is plausible, if not probable. If/where storms do occur,
    upwards of 35-40 kt of effective shear associated with
    west-northwesterly flow aloft would support supercells capable of
    large hail in the presence of steep lapse rates and moderate
    buoyancy. Additional and more elevated storm development over time
    is expected farther north-northeast this evening into southern
    Minnesota with some severe storms possible.

    ...Southeast States...
    An MCV across Alabama will continue to spread east-northeastward and
    influence thunderstorm development across Georgia toward South
    Carolina and the southern Appalachians. The boundary layer will
    continue to destabilize this afternoon and support the possibility
    of isolated wind damage with the more robust storm development this
    afternoon.

    ...North/central Texas...
    Per visible satellite, ample insolation and heating of a moist
    boundary layer will occur in the southern/eastern periphery of a
    remnant mid-level low. While low/mid-tropospheric winds will remain
    weak, sufficient heating and steep low-level lapse rates may support
    some strong/locally severe pulse-type storms capable of downbursts,
    and possibly a couple of instances of hail.

    ..Guyer/Lyons.. 05/24/2026

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun May 24 19:49:35 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 241949
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 241948

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0248 PM CDT Sun May 24 2026

    Valid 242000Z - 251200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS OVER PARTS OF
    NORTHEAST NEBRASKA...SOUTHEASTERN SOUTH DAKOTA...NORTHWEST IOWA AND
    SOUTHWEST MINNESOTA...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Severe storms capable of hail/wind may occur across the Middle
    Missouri Valley/Siouxland later this afternoon into evening, with
    isolated severe storms also possible this afternoon/early evening
    across other parts of the central and southern Plains and Southeast.

    ...20z Update...
    No major changes were made to the prior outlook. Isolated to widely
    scattered thunderstorms, with a few supercells, appear probable
    across parts of the central High plains/Midwest late this afternoon
    into this evening. Moderate buoyancy and 35-40 kt of effective shear
    associated with west-northwesterly flow aloft could support
    supercells capable of large hail in the presence of steep lapse
    rates.

    Elsewhere, moderate to strong buoyancy and weak shear will
    predominate. Scattered thunderstorms over much of the Southeast and North/central TX will be capable of sporadic damaging gusts with
    downbursts. 5% wind probabilities were expanded slightly over parts
    of north TX where some convective clustering may occur along a prior
    outflow boundary and ahead of a weak MCV. Otherwise, see the
    previous discussion for more information.

    ..Lyons.. 05/24/2026

    .PREV DISCUSSION... /ISSUED 1141 AM CDT Sun May 24 2026/

    ...Middle Missouri Valley/Siouxland...
    Limited/late-day-arriving forcing for ascent and modest-caliber
    low-level moisture return by late May standards continues to temper
    forecast confidence details. However, overall environment and
    scenario appears to warrant a categorical Slight Risk centered on
    Siouxland given some potential for supercells capable of large hail
    later this afternoon through early/mid-evening.

    A low-amplitude shortwave trough currently over Montana will
    eventually influence the region, but generally not until this
    evening. Low-level moisture will modestly increase but be offset by
    diurnal mixing, near/east of a deepening surface low near the South Dakota/Nebraska border vicinity. Low-level convergence will maximize
    in this corridor, including northeast Nebraska/southeast South
    Dakota/far northwest Iowa and at least isolated late-day storm
    development is plausible, if not probable. If/where storms do occur,
    upwards of 35-40 kt of effective shear associated with
    west-northwesterly flow aloft would support supercells capable of
    large hail in the presence of steep lapse rates and moderate
    buoyancy. Additional and more elevated storm development over time
    is expected farther north-northeast this evening into southern
    Minnesota with some severe storms possible.

    ...Southeast States...
    An MCV across Alabama will continue to spread east-northeastward and
    influence thunderstorm development across Georgia toward South
    Carolina and the southern Appalachians. The boundary layer will
    continue to destabilize this afternoon and support the possibility
    of isolated wind damage with the more robust storm development this
    afternoon.

    ...North/central Texas...
    Per visible satellite, ample insolation and heating of a moist
    boundary layer will occur in the southern/eastern periphery of a
    remnant mid-level low. While low/mid-tropospheric winds will remain
    weak, sufficient heating and steep low-level lapse rates may support
    some strong/locally severe pulse-type storms capable of downbursts,
    and possibly a couple of instances of hail.

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon May 25 00:54:05 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 250054
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 250052

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0752 PM CDT Sun May 24 2026

    Valid 250100Z - 251200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS THIS EVENING
    ACROSS PARTS OF NORTHEASTERN NEBRASKA...SOUTHEASTERN SOUTH DAKOTA...NORTHWESTERN IOWA...SOUTHWESTERN MINNESOTA...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated supercell development may persist in a narrow corridor
    across northeastern Nebraska into southwestern Minnesota through mid
    to late evening before diminishing.

    ...01Z Update...

    ...Mid Missouri Valley...
    Mid-level heights continue to build across much of the northern
    Rockies and Missouri Valley into Upper Midwest. Primary forcing for
    ongoing convective development appears to lift associated with weak lower/mid-tropospheric warm advection, along and east of weak
    northern Great Plains surface troughing. Low-level moisture return
    has remained rather modest (with maximum surface dew points still in
    the mid/upper 50s F) and confined to a narrow corridor, but this
    appears to be contributing to CAPE on the order of 1000-2000 J/kg.
    The onset of radiational surface cooling, coupled with warming
    aloft, probably will result in rapidly increasing inhibition within
    the next couple of hours. This should be accompanied by diminishing
    convective trends, but it is possible that this could be slowed
    somewhat by forcing on the nose of a nocturnally strengthening
    low-level jet.

    ...Southern Appalachians...
    As a remnant lower/mid-tropospheric mesoscale convective vortex
    migrates north-northeastward across northwestern Georgia into the
    southern Appalachians, modest clockwise-curved low-level hodographs
    are developing across the Piedmont of eastern Georgia into South
    Carolina. This is where a recent increase in thunderstorm
    development is ongoing in the presence of a seasonably moist
    boundary-layer characterized by sizable CAPE. With the surface dew
    points in the lower 70s enhancing low-level buoyancy and potential
    near surface upward accelerations, an isolated tornado may not be
    out of the question, before forcing spreads into cooler/more stable
    air.

    ..Kerr.. 05/25/2026

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon May 25 05:50:35 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 250550
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 250548

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1248 AM CDT Mon May 25 2026

    Valid 251200Z - 261200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS LATE THIS
    AFTERNOON INTO TONIGHT ACROSS PARTS OF THE RIO GRANDE
    VALLEY...CENTRAL GREAT PLAINS AND UPPER GREAT LAKES REGION...

    ...SUMMARY...
    The risk for organized severe thunderstorm development appears low
    across much of the U.S. today through tonight.

    ...Discussion...
    Amplification within the westerlies across the northern mid-latitude
    Pacific is ongoing. Near the leading edge of this regime, a
    significant short wave trough and embedded mid-level cyclone are now
    digging toward the Pacific Northwest coast, and forecast to progress
    inland across coastal areas later today through tonight. As this
    occurs, the center of broad, weak troughing emerging from the
    subtropical eastern Pacific is forecast to sharpen some, along a
    negatively tilted axis across the southern Great Basin through
    northern Mexican Plateau by daybreak Tuesday.

    Downstream, weak troughing across eastern Texas and the western Gulf
    Basin will tend to slowly shift north-northeastward toward the lower Mississippi Valley, as a high remains prominent across the
    subtropical western Atlantic. In higher latitudes, mid-level
    ridging is forecast to continue to build to the east the Canadian
    and northern U.S. Rockies. This will include further mid-level
    height rises across the Missouri Valley through Upper Midwest and
    adjacent Great Lakes region.

    In lower levels, a cold front likely will advance inland across
    Washington, Oregon and much of northern California, while surface
    troughing deepens across much of the Great Basin and northern
    Rockies through northern Great Plains. However, seasonably moist boundary-layer air appears likely to generally remain confined to
    portions of the southern Great Plains and lower Mississippi Valley
    through Southeast and Mid Atlantic.

    ...Minnesota Arrowhead/adjacent Upper Great Lakes...
    Mid-level heights are forecast to continue to rise across the region
    today, even as a fairly significant short wave trough and associated
    forcing for ascent dig across northwestern Ontario, generally well
    to the north of the upper Great Lakes region. Even so, convection
    allowing and related machine learning guidance continue to suggest
    that isolated thunderstorm development is possible as far south as
    the Minnesota Arrowhead vicinity, in an environment that could
    become supportive of a supercell. As a result, 5 percent severe
    weather probabilities will be maintained. However, given the lack
    of better available low-level moisture and the spread evident within
    guidance concerning potential destabilization, these may be too
    high.

    ...Central Great Plains and adjacent Middle Missouri Valley...
    Calibrated thunderstorm probabilities from most ensemble output
    suggest that widely scattered thunderstorm development is probable
    by late this afternoon, in a corridor of stronger potential
    boundary-layer destabilization within the lee surface troughing,
    from portions of southwestern Nebraska through southwestern Minnesota/northwestern Iowa. If inhibition associated with
    continuing mid-level height rises and more substantive
    lower/mid-tropospheric warming is overcome, thermodynamic profiles
    may be conducive to locally strong to severe surface gusts and some
    hail, particularly where a narrow corridor of better low-level
    moisture is maintained across the northeastern Nebraska through
    southern Minnesota vicinity.

    ...Parts of southwestern Texas into south central New Mexico...
    Stronger deep-layer layer shear and forcing for ascent, within the
    exit region of a strong subtropical jet nosing into the northern
    Mexican Plateau, may support and enhance thunderstorm development
    across parts of northeastern Chihuahua into adjacent portions of the
    Rio Grande Valley by late this afternoon. This probably will be
    rooted within a weakly unstable, but deeply mixed boundary layer
    supportive of at least a risk for strong to severe wind gusts.

    ..Kerr/Chalmers.. 05/25/2026

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon May 25 12:44:36 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 251244
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 251242

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0742 AM CDT Mon May 25 2026

    Valid 251300Z - 261200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FOR PARTS OF THE
    CENTRAL GULF COAST...PORTIONS OF FAR WEST TEXAS AND SOUTHERN NEW MEXICO...NEBRASKA INTO SOUTHWEST MINNESOTA...AND THE NORTHERN
    ROCKIES...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated strong to locally severe thunderstorms are possible today
    for parts of the central Gulf Coast, portions of Far West Texas and
    southern New Mexico, Nebraska into southwest Minnesota, and the
    northern Rockies.

    ...Central Gulf Coast...
    A northward-moving MCV over southern MS to the east of an upper
    trough will aid in the minor flow enhancement across this region
    today. A few stronger thunderstorms may yield a localized wind
    damage risk. A brief tornado cannot be ruled out given the moist
    low levels co-located with small but favorably curved hodographs.
    See MCD #852 for short-term details.

    ...Northern Rockies...
    An upper trough immediately west of the Pacific Northwest this
    morning will gradually approach the northern Rockies as it digs
    southeastward into OR and northern CA through tonight. Diurnal
    heating will foster weak buoyancy and the development of
    quick-moving thunderstorms later today. Steepened low to mid-level
    lapse rates may support a couple of more vigorous evaporatively
    cooled downdrafts capable of localized severe gusts.

    ...Minnesota Arrowhead...
    Glancing influence of a mid-level shortwave trough over ON will
    overspread the MN Arrowhead later this afternoon. Steepened lapse
    rates and adequate cloud-bearing shear may result in a couple of
    stronger thunderstorms capable of a localized wind/hail risk.

    ...Central Great Plains and adjacent Middle Missouri Valley...
    Model guidance continue to indicate scattered thunderstorms
    developing late today into this evening from NE into southwestern
    MN/northwest IA. Forcing for ascent will likely remain weak to
    negligible due in part to close proximity to a mid-level anticyclone
    situated over the lower MO Valley. However, ample instability could
    yield an isolated risk for large hail/severe gusts with the stronger
    multicells prior to this activity diminishing by late evening.

    ...Parts of Far West Texas into southern New Mexico...
    Water-vapor imagery this morning shows an upper trough over AZ with
    a left-exit region of an upper jet situated over the border region
    of southeast AZ eastward into Far West TX. Diurnal destabilization
    and inverted-v thermodynamic profiles will potentially support
    localized severe gusts with the stronger downdrafts later this
    afternoon into the early evening.

    ..Smith/Weinman.. 05/25/2026

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon May 25 16:18:39 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 251618
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 251616

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1116 AM CDT Mon May 25 2026

    Valid 251630Z - 261200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    THE CENTRAL GULF COAST/SOUTHEAST...FAR WEST TEXAS AND SOUTHERN NEW MEXICO...CENTRAL PLAINS INTO SOUTHWEST MINNESOTA...THE MINNESOTA ARROWHEAD...AND NORTHERN ROCKIES...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated strong to severe thunderstorms are possible today for parts
    of the central Gulf Coast/Southeast, far west Texas and southern New
    Mexico, central Plains into southwest Minnesota, the Minnesota
    Arrowhead, and northern Rockies.

    ...Central Plains/Mid Missouri Valley...
    Isolated thunderstorms may develop late this afternoon from NE into
    southwest MN/northwest IA along a weak surface trough. Large-scale
    ascent will remain negligible due to the close proximity to a
    mid-level anticyclone situated over the lower MO Valley. However,
    ample instability and adequate deep-layer shear may still yield a
    localized risk for large hail/severe gusts with the stronger
    multicells, before this activity weakens by late evening.

    ...Minnesota Arrowhead...
    The glancing influence of an upper trough moving from Manitoba into
    northern Ontario should encourage at least isolated thunderstorm
    development this afternoon across the MN Arrowhead vicinity. Steep
    mid-level lapse rates present on the 12Z INL observed sounding and
    daytime heating of a modestly moist low-level airmass will support
    moderate to locally strong instability. Sufficient deep-layer shear
    for updraft organization will foster an isolated risk for large hail
    and damaging winds with the stronger cores.

    ...Central Gulf Coast/Southeast...
    A weak MCV and associated upper trough will move inland over the
    central Gulf Coast states today. Modest flow enhancement and minor
    low-level hodograph curvature may aid in occasional strong/gusty
    winds and perhaps a brief tornado with convection spreading
    northward this afternoon. But, poor lapse rates aloft noted on 12Z LIX/JAN/BMX/FFC observed soundings will likely temper the
    development of more robust instability, and should limit the overall
    severe risk.

    ...Northern Rockies...
    An upper trough/low will overspread the Pacific Northwest and
    northern Rockies as it digs southeastward through tonight. While
    low-level moisture will remain limited, daytime heating will foster
    weak buoyancy and the development of high-based convection across
    the northern Rockies this afternoon. Steepened low/mid-level lapse
    rates may support occasionally strong to severe downdraft winds with
    this activity.

    ...Southern New Mexico/Far West Texas...
    An upper trough over AZ late this morning will move slowly
    north-northeastward across the Southwest through the period.
    Thunderstorms that develop this afternoon across northern Mexico and
    southwest NM will encounter a gradually destabilizing airmass
    downstream into far west TX. Isolated strong to severe gusts may
    occur as low-level lapse rates become steepened.

    ...Central Texas...
    A weak MCV noted in visible satellite imagery late this morning is
    slowly meandering across central TX. While additional convection
    with locally gusty winds may develop this afternoon in its
    proximity, weak shear should limit the threat for organized severe thunderstorms.

    ..Gleason/Lyons.. 05/25/2026

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon May 25 19:41:43 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 251941
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 251939

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0239 PM CDT Mon May 25 2026

    Valid 252000Z - 261200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    THE CENTRAL GULF COAST/SOUTHEAST...FAR WEST TEXAS AND SOUTHERN NEW MEXICO...CENTRAL PLAINS INTO SOUTHWEST MINNESOTA...THE MINNESOTA ARROWHEAD...AND NORTHERN ROCKIES....

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated strong to severe thunderstorms are possible today for parts
    of the central Gulf Coast/Southeast, far west Texas and southern New
    Mexico, central Plains into southwest Minnesota, the Minnesota
    Arrowhead, and northern Rockies.

    Severe probabilities were reduced over parts of eastern MS and
    western AL where widespread precipitation is limiting
    destabilization. Elsewhere, no significant changes were made to the
    ongoing outlook.

    ..Hart.. 05/25/2026

    .PREV DISCUSSION... /ISSUED 1116 AM CDT Mon May 25 2026/

    ...Central Plains/Mid Missouri Valley...
    Isolated thunderstorms may develop late this afternoon from NE into
    southwest MN/northwest IA along a weak surface trough. Large-scale
    ascent will remain negligible due to the close proximity to a
    mid-level anticyclone situated over the lower MO Valley. However,
    ample instability and adequate deep-layer shear may still yield a
    localized risk for large hail/severe gusts with the stronger
    multicells, before this activity weakens by late evening.

    ...Minnesota Arrowhead...
    The glancing influence of an upper trough moving from Manitoba into
    northern Ontario should encourage at least isolated thunderstorm
    development this afternoon across the MN Arrowhead vicinity. Steep
    mid-level lapse rates present on the 12Z INL observed sounding and
    daytime heating of a modestly moist low-level airmass will support
    moderate to locally strong instability. Sufficient deep-layer shear
    for updraft organization will foster an isolated risk for large hail
    and damaging winds with the stronger cores.

    ...Central Gulf Coast/Southeast...
    A weak MCV and associated upper trough will move inland over the
    central Gulf Coast states today. Modest flow enhancement and minor
    low-level hodograph curvature may aid in occasional strong/gusty
    winds and perhaps a brief tornado with convection spreading
    northward this afternoon. But, poor lapse rates aloft noted on 12Z LIX/JAN/BMX/FFC observed soundings will likely temper the
    development of more robust instability, and should limit the overall
    severe risk.

    ...Northern Rockies...
    An upper trough/low will overspread the Pacific Northwest and
    northern Rockies as it digs southeastward through tonight. While
    low-level moisture will remain limited, daytime heating will foster
    weak buoyancy and the development of high-based convection across
    the northern Rockies this afternoon. Steepened low/mid-level lapse
    rates may support occasionally strong to severe downdraft winds with
    this activity.

    ...Southern New Mexico/Far West Texas...
    An upper trough over AZ late this morning will move slowly
    north-northeastward across the Southwest through the period.
    Thunderstorms that develop this afternoon across northern Mexico and
    southwest NM will encounter a gradually destabilizing airmass
    downstream into far west TX. Isolated strong to severe gusts may
    occur as low-level lapse rates become steepened.

    ...Central Texas...
    A weak MCV noted in visible satellite imagery late this morning is
    slowly meandering across central TX. While additional convection
    with locally gusty winds may develop this afternoon in its
    proximity, weak shear should limit the threat for organized severe thunderstorms.

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue May 26 01:01:12 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 260101
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 260059

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0759 PM CDT Mon May 25 2026

    Valid 260100Z - 261200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PART OF
    THE SOUTHEAST...FAR WEST TEXAS...SOUTHERN NEW MEXICO...CENTRAL
    PLAINS INTO SOUTHWEST MINNESOTA...THE MINNESOTA ARROWHEAD...AND
    NORTHERN ROCKIES...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated strong to severe thunderstorms are possible this evening
    for parts of the Southeast, far west Texas, southern New Mexico,
    central Plains into southwest Minnesota, the Minnesota Arrowhead,
    and northern Rockies.

    ...Southeast...
    Water vapor imagery shows mid-level south-southwesterly flow over
    the Southeast. At the surface, a 1011 mb low is analyzed over
    eastern Mississippi with onshore southerly flow located from the
    Florida Panhandle into southwest Georgia. In this area, surface
    dewpoints are in the lower to mid 70s F and the RAP has an axis of
    moderate instability with MLCAPE in the 1000 to 2000 J/kg range. A
    line of strong thunderstorms is located along a low-level
    convergence zone in far southeast Alabama, just to the west of the
    instability axis. Also, the RAP shows 30 to 35 knots of 0-6 km
    shear. In addition, regional WSR-88D VWPs suggest that 0-3 km
    storm-relative helicity in far southeast Alabama and southwest
    Georgia could be as great as 100 to 125 m2/s2, suggesting that an
    isolated tornado threat will be possible. A few of the stronger
    storms may also have an isolated wind-damage threat.

    ...Far West Texas/Southern New Mexico...
    A mid-level shortwave trough is evident on water vapor imagery over southwestern New Mexico extending southeastward into far west Texas.
    Ahead of the shortwave, scattered thunderstorms are ongoing within a
    weakly unstable airmass with the RAP showing MLCAPE around 500 J/kg.
    In addition, RAP forecast soundings have 0-6 km shear around 40
    knots and low-level lapse rates are very steep over parts of far
    west Texas. This environment may support a potential for isolated
    severe wind gusts early this evening.

    ...Minnesota Arrowhead...
    A subtle mid-level shortwave trough is evident on water vapor
    imagery over southern Ontario. A line of strong thunderstorms is
    ongoing ahead of a front across the Arrowhead of Minnesota. Ahead of
    the storms, a narrow axis of instability is analyzed by the RAP
    suggesting an isolated severe threat will continue for another hour
    or so. The line is expected to weaken as it moves over the cooler
    waters of Lake Superior later this evening.

    ...Northern Nebraska/Southeast South Dakota/Northwest Iowa/Southwest Minnesota...
    The latest RAP analysis shows an axis of moderate instability
    located from the central Plains into the upper Mississippi Valley,
    where the RAP has MLCAPE in the 1500 to 2500 J/kg range. Isolated
    strong thunderstorms are ongoing near this axis from northeast
    Nebraska into far northwest Iowa. Although deep-layer shear is
    relatively weak, steep low-level lapse rates will continue to
    support an isolated potential for severe wind gusts this evening.
    Hail may also occur with the stronger cells. As the low-level jet
    increases across the central Plains later this evening, convective
    coverage is expected to increase. A cluster of strong thunderstorms,
    that is currently in northeast Colorado, is forecast to move
    northeastward across southwest Nebraska. Isolated severe wind gusts
    may occur with some of these storms.

    ...Northern Rockies...
    A mid-level low is currently evident on water vapor imagery over the
    far eastern Pacific to the northwest of Washington. A trough extends
    southward just off the coast of the Washington and Oregon, with
    southwesterly mid-level flow located over the Pacific Northwest and
    northern Rockies. Within this flow, a pocket of weak instability is
    analyzed by the RAP over northern Idaho and western Montana.
    Increasing large-scale ascent ahead of the approaching trough will
    support scattered thunderstorm development this evening. Very steep
    low to mid-level lapse rates will contribute to a potential for
    isolated severe gusts.

    ..Broyles.. 05/26/2026

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue May 26 06:02:45 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 260602
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 260600

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0100 AM CDT Tue May 26 2026

    Valid 261200Z - 271200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    WEST AND SOUTHWEST TEXAS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Thunderstorms with large hail, severe wind gusts and a couple
    tornadoes are expected this afternoon and evening across parts of
    west and southwest Texas. Isolated severe gusts and a marginal
    tornado threat will be possible in parts of Kentucky. Isolated
    severe gusts and hail may also occur in parts of the Upper Midwest
    and northern Rockies.

    ...West and Southwest Texas...
    A mid-level shortwave trough will move eastward today across far
    west Texas. At the surface, a low will deepen near Big Bend as an
    axis of low-level moisture sharpens from the Rio Grande Valley
    northward into west Texas. Along this axis, surface dewpoints will
    be in the upper 60s and lower 70s F, which will contribute to
    moderate instability by afternoon. Near the moist axis, a
    north-to-south corridor of low-level convergence is forecast, along
    which thunderstorm development is expected by late morning. Storm
    coverage is forecast to expand and move eastward from west Texas
    into southwest Texas this afternoon.

    Along the instability axis, MLCAPE is forecast to peak in the 2000
    to 3000 J/kg range during the mid to late afternoon. RAP forecast
    soundings near the instability axis at 21Z have 0-6 km shear in the
    30 to 40 knot range with 700-500 mb lapse rates around 7.5 C/km.
    This will be favorable for supercells with large hail. Hailstones
    greater than 2 inches in diameter will be possible with the more
    intense storms. In addition, forecast hodographs are curved and 0-3
    km storm-relative helicity is forecast to increase to above 200
    m2/s2, which will support a tornado threat. Cells are expected to
    merge into a line during the late afternoon, potentially increasing
    the threat for severe gusts. This line is forecast to move across
    southwest Texas during the early evening.

    ...Kentucky...
    South-southwesterly mid-level flow will be in place over the Ohio
    and Tennessee Valleys today. At the surface, a mesolow is forecast
    to develop over far western Kentucky this afternoon. To the east of
    the low, moisture advection will increase surface dewpoints to near
    70 F across much of Kentucky, where MLCAPE is forecast to peak
    around 1000 J/kg. Within this unstable airmass, low-level flow over
    southern and central Kentucky will be backed to the south-southeast.
    This, combined with increasing low-level flow, will create curved
    hodographs. Forecast soundings at 21Z south of Lexington have 0-3 km storm-relative helicity increasing to 150 m2/s2 by mid afternoon,
    which should support a marginal tornado threat. Isolated severe wind
    gusts will also be possible.

    ...Upper Midwest...
    Mid-level flow will be westerly today across much of the Upper
    Midwest. At the surface, a quasi-stationary frontal boundary will be
    in place from eastern North Dakota to northern Wisconsin. South of
    this front, surface dewpoints in the 60s F will contribute to
    pockets of moderate instability by afternoon. Scattered
    thunderstorms will develop across this unstable airmass and move east-southeastward during the afternoon. MLCAPE in some areas are
    forecast to peak in the 1500 to 2500 J/kg range, with low-level
    lapse rates becoming steep. This will be sufficient for isolated
    severe gusts. Hail will also be possible, mainly from southeast
    Minnesota into Wisconsin, where some models suggest instability will
    be stronger.

    ...Northern Rockies...
    A mid-level low will move southward across northern California
    today. To the northwest of the low across the northern U.S., flow
    will be from the south-southeast. At the surface, a low will deepen
    across western Montana with upslope easterly flow located over much
    of western Montana. As surface heating takes place today, an axis of instability is forecast from northwest Montana extending
    southeastward into far northwest Wyoming. Scattered thunderstorms
    will develop in the higher terrain and move northward along and near
    this axis of instability. Low-level lapse rates will be very steep,
    which will contribute to a potential for severe wind gusts. Hail
    will also be possible, mainly over western Montana where instability
    is forecast to be the strongest.

    ..Broyles/Chalmers.. 05/26/2026

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue May 26 12:44:46 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 261244
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 261243

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0743 AM CDT Tue May 26 2026

    Valid 261300Z - 271200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FOR PARTS OF
    SOUTHWEST AND SOUTH-CENTRAL TEXAS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered severe thunderstorms are possible across parts of
    southwest into south-central Texas. Large hail, severe wind gusts,
    and a couple tornadoes are possible through this evening.

    ...Southwest into South-Central Texas...
    Water-vapor imagery this morning shows a weak mid-level trough over
    southern NM and Far West TX. This upper feature will slowly migrate
    east into the Permian Basin and Concho Valley later this
    afternoon/evening. Early morning showers/thunderstorms and their
    associated outflow and relatively cool air have overspread the
    Permian Basin. To the southeast of the rain-cooled airmass, the 12
    UTC Del Rio, TX raob sampled moderately steep 700-500 mb lapse rates
    (7.3 deg C/km) and 2200 J/kg MUCAPE. A weak area of low pressure
    near the Big Bend will maintain a moist, easterly low-level fetch
    into the Edwards Plateau. Heating via cloud breaks and surface
    dewpoints in the upper 60s and lower 70s F will contribute to
    1500-3000 J/kg MLCAPE by afternoon.

    Strong veering of the low-level wind profile with 20-25 kt westerly
    500-mb flow will support organized storms, including supercells with
    the stronger updrafts. Some tornado threat may evolve with one or
    two more intense supercells but this risk will largely be dependent
    on mesoscale factors. Clusters of storms are eventually expected
    with the severe risk continuing into the evening with the stronger
    storms capable of wind/hail.

    ...Kentucky...
    A seasonably moisture-rich airmass is located along and south of a
    residual frontal zone draped from the confluence of the OH-MS Rivers east-northeast across the OH Valley. Despite considerable cloud
    cover, some heating will result in weak instability. Widely
    scattered to scattered thunderstorms coincident with peak heating
    are forecast. Modest southwesterly mid-level flow (20-30 kt) may
    act to aid in some organization of cells. An isolated risk for
    damaging gusts and perhaps a brief tornado are possible with this
    activity.

    ...Upper Midwest...
    A weak MCV was noted over the Mid MO Valley this morning embedded
    within a weak westerly mid-level flow regime to the north of a
    flattened mid-level anticyclone. In the low levels, a
    quasi-stationary boundary will be draped generally west to east
    across the region. South of this boundary, surface dewpoints in the
    60s F will contribute to pockets of moderate instability by
    afternoon. Model guidance indicates scattered storm coverage later
    this afternoon in the wake of morning showers/storms over parts of
    this region. Isolated wind/hail will be the primary hazards with
    the stronger storms before this activity weakens by early evening.

    ...Northern Rockies...
    A belt of south-southeasterly 20-30 kt mid-level flow will reside in
    between a mid-level cyclone over northern CA and an anticyclone over
    the Midwest. A lee trough over the northern High Plains will focus thunderstorm development later today as the boundary layer
    destabilizes. Low-level lapse rates will be very steep, which will
    contribute to a potential for severe wind gusts. Hail will also be
    possible, mainly over western Montana where instability is forecast
    to be the strongest.

    ..Smith/Weinman.. 05/26/2026

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue May 26 16:31:17 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 261631
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 261629

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1129 AM CDT Tue May 26 2026

    Valid 261630Z - 271200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    SOUTHWEST INTO SOUTH-CENTRAL TEXAS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered severe thunderstorms appear possible this afternoon and
    evening across parts of southwest into south-central Texas. Large
    hail, severe wind gusts, and a couple of tornadoes may occur.

    ...Texas...
    Ongoing thunderstorms late this morning across west TX are being
    aided by ascent associated with a weak mid-level trough over the
    southern High Plains. While an isolated hail/wind threat may persist
    with this activity in the short term, expectations are for an
    increasing severe risk to materialize this afternoon downstream
    across parts of south-central TX. Recent surface observations and
    area VWPs show modest low-level east-southeasterly flow occurring
    across this region, with surface dewpoints generally in the mid 60s
    to low 70s. Some clearing/cloud breaks are noted on latest visible
    satellite imagery, and filtered daytime heating of this moist
    low-level airmass combined with modestly steepened mid-level lapse
    rates (reference 12Z observed DRT sounding) will aid in the
    development of moderate to locally strong MLCAPE by mid afternoon.

    While low-level flow should remain modest, strong veering of the
    winds with height through mid/upper levels and a gradual increase in
    magnitude associated with the weak mid-level trough will support
    around 30-40 kt of deep-layer shear across the narrow warm sector. A
    mix of supercells and multicell clusters should spread from northern Mexico/west TX into southwest/south-central TX through the afternoon
    and early evening. Large hail will be possible with any sustained
    supercells, while severe/damaging winds may occur with clusters as
    low-level lapse rates become steepened with continued daytime
    heating. The tornado threat remains less clear, as modest low-level
    flow and muted effective SRH suggest low-level mesocyclones may
    struggle. Still, some risk for a couple of tornadoes remains
    apparent across a small part of southwest TX. Severe probabilities
    have been adjusted to account for both ongoing convection and the
    potential for one or more clusters with some wind threat to persist
    this evening/overnight across south-central into coastal TX.

    ...Upper Midwest...
    A weak/dissipating MCV will move into parts of the Upper Midwest
    today, as modest westerly mid-level flow continues to the north of a mid/upper-level anticyclone centered over the northern Plains into
    IA. A weak surface front will remain draped generally west to east
    from eastern ND into central MN/WI through the day. South of this
    front, diurnal heating of a seasonably moist low-level airmass will
    support moderate instability by mid afternoon. While large-scale
    ascent is expected to remain fairly weak/nebulous, the remnant MCV
    may foster isolated to scattered thunderstorm development this
    afternoon and early evening along/near the front. Around 20-30 kt of
    deep-layer shear should be sufficient for some updraft organization.
    Isolated large hail and severe/damaging winds may occur with loosely
    organized multicells and marginal supercell structures, before this
    activity eventually weakens this evening with the loss of daytime
    heating.

    ...Northern Rockies/High Plains...
    A closed upper low over western OR/northern CA this morning will
    continue to move slowly southward through the period. A belt of
    modestly enhanced southerly mid-level flow will exist of parts of
    the interior Pacific Northwest into the northern Rockies and
    adjacent High Plains. Even though low-level moisture will remain
    limited, the boundary layer is forecast to become very well mixed
    with daytime heating. High-based showers/thunderstorms that develop
    across this region will spread northward through the afternoon and
    evening, and may pose an isolated threat for severe gusts and
    perhaps some hail.

    ...Ohio Valley/Southeast...
    A broad zone of 20-30 kt south-southwesterly mid-level flow will
    likely remain over much of the Southeast and parts of the OH Valley
    today. 12Z observed soundings from across these regions show poor
    lapse rates and generally saturated profiles aloft, which should
    temper the degree of instability which develops this afternoon with
    filtered daytime heating. Due to the expected thermodynamic
    limitations, it remains unclear how productive thunderstorms will be
    in producing damaging winds. Water-loaded downdrafts capable of
    producing occasional strong to locally damaging winds appear
    possible across a broad area of the lower/mid OH Valley into much of
    the Southeast, especially where low-level lapse rates can become at
    least modestly steepened. However, a more focused corridor for a
    tornado and damaging winds may exist this afternoon across KY, in
    closer proximity to a weak mid-level perturbation noted on visible
    satellite imagery over the Mid-South and a subtle surface boundary.
    For now, have opted to expand the Marginal Risk to include more of
    KY, but additional expansions may occur across parts of the
    Southeast if mesoscale corridors of isolated damaging wind potential
    can be delineated.

    ...Northern Maine...
    A mid-level trough with attendant strong (40-50+ kt) westerly jet
    will move eastward across Quebec today, and will impact parts of ME
    this afternoon/evening. Most guidance suggests that a band of
    thunderstorms will spread quickly eastward across northern ME later
    today in a weakly unstable but strongly sheared environment.
    Isolated severe/damaging winds may occur with this activity.

    ..Gleason/Lyons.. 05/26/2026

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue May 26 19:50:18 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 261950
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 261948

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0248 PM CDT Tue May 26 2026

    Valid 262000Z - 271200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FOR PORTIONS OF
    CENTRAL INTO DEEP SOUTH TEXAS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered severe thunderstorms appear possible this afternoon and
    evening across parts of southwest into south-central Texas. Large
    hail, severe wind gusts, and a couple of tornadoes may occur.

    ...20Z Update...
    Much of the forecast remains generally on track. Across central into
    southern Texas, Slight risk probabilities were trimmed from the west
    to account for the passage of an ongoing MCS. Severe probabilities
    were increased into deep south Texas for the possibility of
    preceding supercells developing ahead of the eastward-meandering MCS
    this evening, which may be accompanied by a severe wind/hail threat.
    Finally, 5 percent wind probabilities were expanded eastward across
    MT, and farther west from the Midwest into ND, to account for trends
    in both observations and the latest guidance consensus.

    ..Squitieri.. 05/26/2026

    .PREV DISCUSSION... /ISSUED 1129 AM CDT Tue May 26 2026/

    ...Texas...
    Ongoing thunderstorms late this morning across west TX are being
    aided by ascent associated with a weak mid-level trough over the
    southern High Plains. While an isolated hail/wind threat may persist
    with this activity in the short term, expectations are for an
    increasing severe risk to materialize this afternoon downstream
    across parts of south-central TX. Recent surface observations and
    area VWPs show modest low-level east-southeasterly flow occurring
    across this region, with surface dewpoints generally in the mid 60s
    to low 70s. Some clearing/cloud breaks are noted on latest visible
    satellite imagery, and filtered daytime heating of this moist
    low-level airmass combined with modestly steepened mid-level lapse
    rates (reference 12Z observed DRT sounding) will aid in the
    development of moderate to locally strong MLCAPE by mid afternoon.

    While low-level flow should remain modest, strong veering of the
    winds with height through mid/upper levels and a gradual increase in
    magnitude associated with the weak mid-level trough will support
    around 30-40 kt of deep-layer shear across the narrow warm sector. A
    mix of supercells and multicell clusters should spread from northern Mexico/west TX into southwest/south-central TX through the afternoon
    and early evening. Large hail will be possible with any sustained
    supercells, while severe/damaging winds may occur with clusters as
    low-level lapse rates become steepened with continued daytime
    heating. The tornado threat remains less clear, as modest low-level
    flow and muted effective SRH suggest low-level mesocyclones may
    struggle. Still, some risk for a couple of tornadoes remains
    apparent across a small part of southwest TX. Severe probabilities
    have been adjusted to account for both ongoing convection and the
    potential for one or more clusters with some wind threat to persist
    this evening/overnight across south-central into coastal TX.

    ...Upper Midwest...
    A weak/dissipating MCV will move into parts of the Upper Midwest
    today, as modest westerly mid-level flow continues to the north of a mid/upper-level anticyclone centered over the northern Plains into
    IA. A weak surface front will remain draped generally west to east
    from eastern ND into central MN/WI through the day. South of this
    front, diurnal heating of a seasonably moist low-level airmass will
    support moderate instability by mid afternoon. While large-scale
    ascent is expected to remain fairly weak/nebulous, the remnant MCV
    may foster isolated to scattered thunderstorm development this
    afternoon and early evening along/near the front. Around 20-30 kt of
    deep-layer shear should be sufficient for some updraft organization.
    Isolated large hail and severe/damaging winds may occur with loosely
    organized multicells and marginal supercell structures, before this
    activity eventually weakens this evening with the loss of daytime
    heating.

    ...Northern Rockies/High Plains...
    A closed upper low over western OR/northern CA this morning will
    continue to move slowly southward through the period. A belt of
    modestly enhanced southerly mid-level flow will exist of parts of
    the interior Pacific Northwest into the northern Rockies and
    adjacent High Plains. Even though low-level moisture will remain
    limited, the boundary layer is forecast to become very well mixed
    with daytime heating. High-based showers/thunderstorms that develop
    across this region will spread northward through the afternoon and
    evening, and may pose an isolated threat for severe gusts and
    perhaps some hail.

    ...Ohio Valley/Southeast...
    A broad zone of 20-30 kt south-southwesterly mid-level flow will
    likely remain over much of the Southeast and parts of the OH Valley
    today. 12Z observed soundings from across these regions show poor
    lapse rates and generally saturated profiles aloft, which should
    temper the degree of instability which develops this afternoon with
    filtered daytime heating. Due to the expected thermodynamic
    limitations, it remains unclear how productive thunderstorms will be
    in producing damaging winds. Water-loaded downdrafts capable of
    producing occasional strong to locally damaging winds appear
    possible across a broad area of the lower/mid OH Valley into much of
    the Southeast, especially where low-level lapse rates can become at
    least modestly steepened. However, a more focused corridor for a
    tornado and damaging winds may exist this afternoon across KY, in
    closer proximity to a weak mid-level perturbation noted on visible
    satellite imagery over the Mid-South and a subtle surface boundary.
    For now, have opted to expand the Marginal Risk to include more of
    KY, but additional expansions may occur across parts of the
    Southeast if mesoscale corridors of isolated damaging wind potential
    can be delineated.

    ...Northern Maine...
    A mid-level trough with attendant strong (40-50+ kt) westerly jet
    will move eastward across Quebec today, and will impact parts of ME
    this afternoon/evening. Most guidance suggests that a band of
    thunderstorms will spread quickly eastward across northern ME later
    today in a weakly unstable but strongly sheared environment.
    Isolated severe/damaging winds may occur with this activity.

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed May 27 01:00:51 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 270100
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 270059

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0759 PM CDT Tue May 26 2026

    Valid 270100Z - 271200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    SOUTH TEXAS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered thunderstorms with large hail and severe wind gusts will
    be possible this evening in parts of west Texas into south-central
    and southeast Texas. Isolated severe storms with strong wind gusts
    and hail will also be possible in parts of the upper Mississippi
    Valley and northwestern U.S.

    ...Texas...
    A mid-level shortwave trough is evident on water vapor imagery over
    west and southwest Texas. Ahead of the trough, a broken line of
    strong to severe storms is ongoing from the Texas Hill Country
    southwestward to near the Rio Grande River. Moderate to strong
    instability is analyzed by the RAP towards the south end of this
    line, where MLCAPE is in the 2000 to 3000 J/kg range. As the line
    moves eastward into south-central Texas this evening, the more
    organized embedded storms may have supercell characteristics and be
    capable of large to very large hail. Severe wind gusts will also be
    possible along the leading edge of the more intense line segments.
    Further north into parts of the Texas Hill Country, instability is
    considerably less which will temper the severe potential somewhat.
    These storms may be able to produce isolated severe gusts and hail.
    This entire line will eventually move eastward across the Texas
    Coastal Plain by late in the period, where an a few strong wind
    gusts will be possible...see MCD 868.

    ...Upper Mississippi Valley...
    At the surface, a quasi-stationary front is located from
    north-central Minnesota east-southeastward into east-central
    Wisconsin. Scattered thunderstorms are ongoing near the front. An
    axis of instability is analyzed immediately south of the front, with
    another pocket of instability located in southern Minnesota and
    northern Iowa. The instability along with steep low-level lapse
    rates may be enough for an isolated potential for severe wind gusts
    early this evening. Hail will also be possible.

    ...Northern Rockies...
    A mid-level low is currently over northern California with
    south-southeasterly mid-level flow located over the northwestern
    U.S. Within this flow, an axis of instability is analyzed by the RAP
    across western Montana, where scattered thunderstorms are ongoing.
    In addition to the instability, forecast soundings in western
    Montana show moderate deep-layer shear and steep mid-level lapse
    rates. This should be enough for isolated severe wind gusts early
    this evening. Hail will also be possible, mainly in northwest
    Montana where instability is a bit stronger.

    ..Broyles.. 05/27/2026

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed May 27 05:55:53 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 270555
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 270554

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1254 AM CDT Wed May 27 2026

    Valid 271200Z - 281200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    THE MID-ATLANTIC...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Thunderstorms with severe wind gusts will be possible today across
    parts of the Mid-Atlantic and Ohio Valley. Isolated wind gusts and
    hail will also be possible in the western Great Lakes and from the
    southern Texas Panhandle into west Texas and far western Oklahoma.

    ...Mid-Atlantic/Ohio Valley...
    An upper-level trough will move southeastward today across the Great
    Lakes. Flow ahead of the trough will be westerly over the Ohio
    Valley and Mid-Atlantic. At the surface, a cold front will move
    southward into the Ohio Valley. South of the front, dewpoints in the
    60s F will contribute to pockets of moderate instability by
    afternoon. As low-level convergence and instability maximizes near
    the front, thunderstorms are expected to form and move
    east-southeastward across the Ohio Valley and Mid-Atlantic.

    RAP forecast soundings just ahead of the front in northern Virginia
    at 21Z have MLCAPE near 1200 J/kg with 0-6 km shear around 40 knots.
    This will support organized thunderstorms, potentially in the form
    of multiple short severe line segments. During the mid to late
    afternoon, low-level lapse rates are forecast to peak near 7.5 C/km,
    which will be favorable for a wind-damage threat. Hail will also be
    possible within the stronger cores.

    ...Western Great Lakes...
    Northwesterly mid-level flow will be in place across the western
    Great Lakes today, as a shortwave trough moves southeastward across
    the region. At the surface, a pocket of maximized low-level moisture
    will be located over Wisconsin, where MLCAPE is expected to peak in
    the 1500 to 2500 J/kg range. Thunderstorms that form during the
    afternoon that have access to moderate instability and steep
    low-level lapse rates could have potential for isolated wind gusts.
    Hail could also occur.

    ...Southern Texas Panhandle/West Texas/Far Western Oklahoma...
    At low-levels, a moist and unstable airmass is forecast to advect
    northward across west Texas into the southern Texas Panhandle today.
    A zone of low-level convergence will likely develop over the
    southern Texas Panhandle, with upslope flow to the north of this
    feature. As surface temperatures warm during the day, scattered
    thunderstorm development is expected near the convergence zone. RAP
    forecast soundings to the south and east of Amarillo at 21Z have
    steep low to mid-level lapse rates with large surface
    temperature-dewpoint spreads. This may be enough for isolated severe
    wind gusts and hail.

    ..Broyles/Chalmers.. 05/27/2026

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed May 27 12:46:55 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 271246
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 271245

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0745 AM CDT Wed May 27 2026

    Valid 271300Z - 281200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    THE MID-ATLANTIC...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered severe thunderstorms are possible across parts of the
    Mid-Atlantic states this afternoon into the early evening. Strong
    to severe gusts (50-65 mph) capable of wind damage will be the
    primary hazard with the stronger thunderstorms.

    ...Mid-Atlantic/Ohio Valley...
    An upper-level trough over the Great Lakes will move southeast
    towards the upper OH Valley/Mid-Atlantic states during the period.
    Water-vapor imagery this morning shows a lead disturbance over
    southern OH moving east across the central Appalachians. In the low
    levels, an analyzed frontal zone has been modulated by ongoing showers/thunderstorms and it will move southeast today. A moist
    airmass ahead of the front, featuring dewpoints in the upper 60s to
    lower 70s F, will gradually destabilize through early afternoon. East-southeastward moving clusters are forecast to evolve by later
    this afternoon. Scattered strong to severe gusts (50-65 mph)
    capable of wind damage will be the primary risk with the stronger thunderstorms, although marginally severe hail may accompany the
    stronger cores this afternoon.

    ...Southern ID into eastern OR...
    A belt of strong easterly mid-level flow will remain over southwest
    ID into southeast OR to the north of a stationary, deep-layer
    cyclone over the Sierra Nevada. Heating of an adequately moist
    boundary layer will steepen low-level lapse rates by early
    afternoon. Widely scattered to scattered thunderstorms are forecast
    to develop this afternoon. Forecast hodographs show 20-45 kt
    700-500 mb flow (strongest over southeast OR) and mean storm motions
    35-45 kt. These flow fields coupled with evaporatively cooled
    downdrafts will likely result in a mix of quickly moving cells and smaller-scale linear clusters. This activity will potentially be
    capable of severe gusts (60-75 mph) before diminishing by mid-late
    evening.

    ...Western Great Lakes...
    Northwesterly mid-level flow will be in place across the western
    Great Lakes today, as a shortwave trough moves southeastward across
    the region. At the surface, a pocket of maximized low-level
    moisture will be located over Wisconsin, where MLCAPE is expected to
    peak in the 1500 to 2500 J/kg range. An isolated risk for large
    hail/damaging gusts are possible with the stronger thunderstorms.

    ...Southern Texas Panhandle/West Texas/Far Western Oklahoma...
    Somewhat displaced from an expansive overnight MCS along the TX
    coast, an airmass featuring upper 50s to lower 60s F dewpoints will
    destabilize beneath a weak mid- to upper-level trough. Widely
    scattered to scattered storms are forecast to develop by late
    afternoon and aggregate into small clusters this evening. Isolated
    large hail/severe gusts are the primary severe hazards.

    ..Smith/Weinman.. 05/27/2026

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed May 27 16:22:26 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 271622
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 271620

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1120 AM CDT Wed May 27 2026

    Valid 271630Z - 281200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    THE OHIO VALLEY INTO THE MID-ATLANTIC...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered severe thunderstorms are possible across parts of the Ohio
    Valley and Mid-Atlantic this afternoon and evening. Strong to severe
    gusts capable of producing wind damage should be the primary hazard,
    but isolated hail may also occur.

    ...Ohio Valley/Mid-Atlantic...
    30-40 kt of mid-level westerly flow will be present today across
    parts of the OH Valley and Mid-Atlantic, sandwiched between an upper
    trough over Ontario/Quebec and a mid-level anticyclone centered over
    the western Atlantic. A west-east oriented front, modulated by
    ongoing convection, will serve as a focus and northern limit for
    severe potential. Latest surface observations show a rather moist
    low-level airmass present along/south of this boundary (also
    reference the 12Z observed soundings from IAD/RNK), with surface
    dewpoints generally in the mid 60s to low 70s. Lapse rates aloft are
    expected to remain poor, and persistent cloud cover will slow
    daytime heating.

    Still, weak to moderate instability (MLCAPE 500-1500 J/kg) coupled
    with 30-40 kt of westerly deep-layer shear will support organized
    thunderstorms this afternoon and early evening as a weak mid-level
    shortwave trough moves eastward across the OH Valley/Mid-Atlantic. A
    mix of multicells and marginal supercell structures is anticipated
    along/south of the front, with scattered damaging winds the main
    severe risk. Some hail could also occur with the strongest cores.
    The Slight Risk for severe/damaging winds has been expanded westward
    into parts of WV and vicinity, where a favorable
    environment/convective evolution should occur, similar to locations
    farther east in VA/MD along/south of ongoing precipitation.

    ...Pacific Northwest/Northern Rockies...
    A closed mid/upper-level low is not expected to move much over CA/NV
    today. Enhanced east-southeasterly mid-level flow and modest
    large-scale ascent to the north of this cyclone will likely support
    isolated to widely scattered thunderstorms this afternoon and
    evening across parts of OR/ID and western MT. Cool temperatures
    aloft and adequate low-level moisture should support at least weak
    instability as filtered daytime heating occurs. As low-level lapse
    rates steepen with the well-mixed boundary layer, isolated severe
    gusts appear possible with the high-based convection that develops
    and spreads west-northwestward through the afternoon/evening. Some
    gusts may reach up to 70-75 mph on a localized basis, but confidence
    in a more focused corridor of severe winds remains too low to
    include greater probabilities at this time. Isolated hail may also
    occur.

    ...Coastal Texas to the ArklaTex...
    An expansive MCS has moved offshore from coastal TX into the western
    Gulf late this morning. A leading MCS/outflow is also present across
    parts of southern/central LA. Current expectations are for limited redevelopment and severe risk through the period in the wake of this
    ongoing activity across coastal TX/southern LA. However, there may
    be an opportunity for modest destabilization near an MCV across the
    ArkLaTex vicinity this afternoon. Favorable/veering wind profiles
    with height through mid levels and related deep-layer shear (see
    recent VWPs from KSHV) would conditionally support organized
    thunderstorms this afternoon, assuming sufficient instability can
    develop amid widespread cloud cover. Have opted to add a focused
    Marginal Risk across portions of the ArkLaTex and vicinity for this
    potential, with both occasional damaging winds and a tornado or two
    possible with the stronger cells that develop.

    ...Upper Midwest/Western Great Lakes...
    Modest north-northwesterly mid-level flow should exist today across
    the Upper Midwest and western Great Lakes. With continued daytime
    heating, moderate instability should develop along/south of a weak
    surface front. Thunderstorms that initiate along/near the front this
    afternoon could pose an isolated threat for severe hail and damaging
    winds, particularly across parts of WI where the best convective
    signal exists in various short-term model guidance. However, overall
    convective coverage is uncertain, as large-scale ascent should
    remain fairly weak.

    ...Southern High Plains...
    Cool temperatures aloft in association with a weak mid-level trough
    over the southern High Plains should aid at least weak
    destabilization this afternoon across parts of northwest TX into the
    TX Panhandle and far western OK. While low-level moisture will
    remain fairly muted and deep-layer shear rather modest, a few
    stronger thunderstorms capable of producing isolated hail/gusty
    winds and perhaps a landspout may occur.

    ..Gleason/Lyons.. 05/27/2026

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed May 27 19:52:57 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 271952
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 271951

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0251 PM CDT Wed May 27 2026

    Valid 272000Z - 281200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS OVER PARTS OF THE
    OHIO VALLEY AND MID ATLANTIC...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered severe thunderstorms remain possible across parts of the
    Ohio Valley and Mid-Atlantic this afternoon and evening. Strong to
    severe gusts capable of producing wind damage should be the primary
    hazard, but isolated hail may also occur.

    ...20Z Update...
    The previous forecast (see below) remains generally on track (please
    see MCD 876 for short-term severe trends in the Mid-Atlantic
    region). The primary change to the outlook was to drop severe wind
    and hail probabilities across the TX Panhandle. Here, convection has
    failed to deepen, with widespread cloud cover becoming more
    prevalent during the diurnal heating maximum. It is unclear if cells
    can congeal into larger storm cores capable of producing severe wind
    and hail. However, enough overlapping vertical oriented low-level
    vorticity and 0-3 km CAPE exists to support a landspout, so 2
    percent tornado probabilities have been maintained given the
    presence of convective updrafts.

    ..Squitieri.. 05/27/2026

    .PREV DISCUSSION... /ISSUED 1120 AM CDT Wed May 27 2026/

    ...Ohio Valley/Mid-Atlantic...
    30-40 kt of mid-level westerly flow will be present today across
    parts of the OH Valley and Mid-Atlantic, sandwiched between an upper
    trough over Ontario/Quebec and a mid-level anticyclone centered over
    the western Atlantic. A west-east oriented front, modulated by
    ongoing convection, will serve as a focus and northern limit for
    severe potential. Latest surface observations show a rather moist
    low-level airmass present along/south of this boundary (also
    reference the 12Z observed soundings from IAD/RNK), with surface
    dewpoints generally in the mid 60s to low 70s. Lapse rates aloft are
    expected to remain poor, and persistent cloud cover will slow
    daytime heating.

    Still, weak to moderate instability (MLCAPE 500-1500 J/kg) coupled
    with 30-40 kt of westerly deep-layer shear will support organized
    thunderstorms this afternoon and early evening as a weak mid-level
    shortwave trough moves eastward across the OH Valley/Mid-Atlantic. A
    mix of multicells and marginal supercell structures is anticipated
    along/south of the front, with scattered damaging winds the main
    severe risk. Some hail could also occur with the strongest cores.
    The Slight Risk for severe/damaging winds has been expanded westward
    into parts of WV and vicinity, where a favorable
    environment/convective evolution should occur, similar to locations
    farther east in VA/MD along/south of ongoing precipitation.

    ...Pacific Northwest/Northern Rockies...
    A closed mid/upper-level low is not expected to move much over CA/NV
    today. Enhanced east-southeasterly mid-level flow and modest
    large-scale ascent to the north of this cyclone will likely support
    isolated to widely scattered thunderstorms this afternoon and
    evening across parts of OR/ID and western MT. Cool temperatures
    aloft and adequate low-level moisture should support at least weak
    instability as filtered daytime heating occurs. As low-level lapse
    rates steepen with the well-mixed boundary layer, isolated severe
    gusts appear possible with the high-based convection that develops
    and spreads west-northwestward through the afternoon/evening. Some
    gusts may reach up to 70-75 mph on a localized basis, but confidence
    in a more focused corridor of severe winds remains too low to
    include greater probabilities at this time. Isolated hail may also
    occur.

    ...Coastal Texas to the ArklaTex...
    An expansive MCS has moved offshore from coastal TX into the western
    Gulf late this morning. A leading MCS/outflow is also present across
    parts of southern/central LA. Current expectations are for limited redevelopment and severe risk through the period in the wake of this
    ongoing activity across coastal TX/southern LA. However, there may
    be an opportunity for modest destabilization near an MCV across the
    ArkLaTex vicinity this afternoon. Favorable/veering wind profiles
    with height through mid levels and related deep-layer shear (see
    recent VWPs from KSHV) would conditionally support organized
    thunderstorms this afternoon, assuming sufficient instability can
    develop amid widespread cloud cover. Have opted to add a focused
    Marginal Risk across portions of the ArkLaTex and vicinity for this
    potential, with both occasional damaging winds and a tornado or two
    possible with the stronger cells that develop.

    ...Upper Midwest/Western Great Lakes...
    Modest north-northwesterly mid-level flow should exist today across
    the Upper Midwest and western Great Lakes. With continued daytime
    heating, moderate instability should develop along/south of a weak
    surface front. Thunderstorms that initiate along/near the front this
    afternoon could pose an isolated threat for severe hail and damaging
    winds, particularly across parts of WI where the best convective
    signal exists in various short-term model guidance. However, overall
    convective coverage is uncertain, as large-scale ascent should
    remain fairly weak.

    ...Southern High Plains...
    Cool temperatures aloft in association with a weak mid-level trough
    over the southern High Plains should aid at least weak
    destabilization this afternoon across parts of northwest TX into the
    TX Panhandle and far western OK. While low-level moisture will
    remain fairly muted and deep-layer shear rather modest, a few
    stronger thunderstorms capable of producing isolated hail/gusty
    winds and perhaps a landspout may occur.

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu May 28 00:57:57 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 280057
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 280056

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0756 PM CDT Wed May 27 2026

    Valid 280100Z - 281200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    THE MID-ATLANTIC...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Thunderstorms will severe wind gusts and hail will be possible this
    evening from parts of the Mid-Atlantic into central Appalachians.
    Isolated severe gusts and hail may also occur in central Wisconsin
    and in parts of the Northwest.

    ...Mid-Atlantic/Central Appalachians...
    An upper-level trough, evident on water vapor imagery, is moving
    southeastward through the Great Lakes. At the surface, a cold front
    is advancing southward across the Ohio Valley and central
    Appalachians. To the south of the front, surface dewpoints are in
    the upper 60s to lower 70s F. The RAP has MLCAPE in the 1000 to 1500
    J/kg range from eastern Kentucky eastward into southern Virginia and
    across much of North Carolina. Within this area, scattered
    thunderstorms with an isolated severe threat are ongoing. Forecast
    soundings in the Mid-Atlantic early this evening have moderate
    deep-layer shear and steep low-level lapse rates. This suggests the
    potential for severe wind gusts will continue for a couple more
    hours with the more organized clusters.

    ...Central Wisconsin...
    At the surface, a pocket of moisture and instability is located over
    central Wisconsin early this evening, where the RAP has MLCAPE in
    the 500 to 1500 J/kg range. Forecast soundings near the instability
    max have 0-3 km lapse rates near 7.5 C/km and sufficient deep-layer
    shear for a marginal severe threat. Isolated severe gusts and hail
    will be possible for another hour or so.

    ...Northwest...
    At mid-levels, a low is evident on water vapor imagery over central
    California, and flow is from the southeast and east over much of the northwestern U.S. Thunderstorms are ongoing ahead of a band of
    strong large-scale ascent from far northern California into
    south-central Oregon. The environment is characterized by moderate
    deep-layer shear and steep lapse rates, suggesting a threat for
    isolated severe wind gusts will continue. Additional storms are
    ongoing near a pocket of moderate instability in northern Idaho and
    western Montana, where a few severe wind gusts will also be
    possible.

    ..Broyles.. 05/28/2026

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu May 28 06:00:08 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 280559
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 280558

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1258 AM CDT Thu May 28 2026

    Valid 281200Z - 291200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
    THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Thunderstorms with severe wind gusts, large hail and an isolated
    tornado threat are expected across parts of the Pacific Northwest
    this afternoon and evening.

    ...Pacific Northwest...
    An upper-level low will remain over central California today. On the
    northern periphery of the system, bands of large-scale ascent will
    move westward across the Pacific Northwest, providing support for
    thunderstorm development. At the surface, a low will deepen and move northwestward from eastern Oregon into southern Washington. A
    surface trough will extend southward from the low into north-central
    and west-central Oregon. Thunderstorms are forecast to first develop
    across southern Oregon around midday, with convective coverage
    gradually increasing over much of Oregon during the afternoon. A
    larger-scale line segment is expected to organize and move
    northwestward across Oregon late this afternoon and into southern
    Washington early this evening.

    As surface temperatures warm today, instability will increase along
    the surface trough with MLCAPE expected to peak in the 1200 to 1500
    J/kg range. The instability combined with 30 to 40 knots of
    mid-level east-southeasterly flow, along with low to mid-level lapse
    rates in the 8 to 8.5 C/km range, will support severe thunderstorm
    development. This environment will be favorable for severe wind
    gusts and isolated large hail within the stronger parts of an
    extensive line segment. Near the surface trough, 0-3 km
    storm-relative helicity is forecast to increase into the 200 to 250
    m2/s2 range by late afternoon, which could also support an isolated
    tornado threat. Any tornado threat would mainly be associated with
    rotating elements embedded in the line. As the line moves
    north-northwestward and expands, a severe threat is expected to move
    into southern Washington by early evening. A marginal severe threat
    could impact parts of central and northern Washington later in the
    evening.

    ...East-central Colorado...
    A mid-level trough will move northward across the central Plains
    today. At the surface, upslope east-southeasterly flow will be in
    place across eastern Colorado. Along the Front Range, the Denver
    Cyclone is expected to develop by afternoon. Topographic lift and
    increasing low-level convergence will result in scattered
    thunderstorm development from the Palmer Divide northward into
    north-central Colorado. Forecast soundings along this corridor by
    late afternoon have 0-6 km shear in the 20 to 30 knot range with
    700-500 mb lapse rates around 8 C/km. This should support a hail
    threat with the stronger cells.

    ..Broyles/Chalmers.. 05/28/2026

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu May 28 12:55:01 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 281254
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 281253

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0753 AM CDT Thu May 28 2026

    Valid 281300Z - 291200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FOR WESTERN IDAHO
    INTO CENTRAL AND EASTERN PORTIONS OF OREGON AND WASHINGTON...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered severe thunderstorms are possible over western Idaho and
    east of the Cascades in Washington and Oregon. Severe gusts (60-85
    mph), large hail, and perhaps a tornado are the forecast hazards
    this afternoon through the late evening.

    ...Columbia Basin vicinity into ID/northern NV...
    A mid- to upper-level low over the Sierra Nevada will move little
    during the period. Water-vapor imagery this morning indicates a
    disturbance over NV will move north and northwestward through
    eastern NV into eastern OR by early evening. In the low levels, an
    area of low pressure is forecast to develop by late afternoon and
    migrate from the ID/OR border into the Columbia Basin.

    A plume of steep 700-500 mb lapse rates arc around the northern
    periphery of the western U.S. low and extend from the Snake Valley
    westward into OR/WA. As heating of a seasonably moist airmass
    occurs, initial thunderstorm activity will gradually shift from
    south to north from northern NV/southern ID and southern OR. Model
    forecast soundings show steep low to mid tropospheric lapse rates
    favorable for evaporative cooling and the development of strong to
    severe downdrafts. Slightly greater buoyancy is shown in model
    guidance farther north in northern OR into western ID (1500 J/kg
    MLCAPE). As storms move into this region during the late afternoon
    to evening timeframe, it is possible a more extensive threat for
    severe gusts develops. Regardless, severe outflow both with the
    stronger cores and linearly oriented clusters appear to be the main
    hazard. Large hail may accompany the stronger cells. A continued
    threat for scattered severe gusts may occur into the late evening as
    this activity shifts northward into interior portions of WA.

    ...East-central Colorado...
    A mid-level trough will move northward across the central Plains
    today. At the surface, upslope east-southeasterly flow will be in
    place across eastern Colorado. Along the Front Range, the Denver
    cyclone is expected to develop by afternoon. Topographic lift and
    increasing low-level convergence will result in scattered
    thunderstorm development from the Palmer Divide northward into
    north-central Colorado. Forecast soundings along this corridor by
    late afternoon have 0-6 km shear in the 20 to 30 knot range with
    700-500 mb lapse rates around 8 C/km. This should support a hail
    threat with the stronger cells.

    ..Smith/Weinman.. 05/28/2026

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu May 28 16:10:04 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 281609
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 281608

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1108 AM CDT Thu May 28 2026

    Valid 281630Z - 291200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS THIS AFTERNOON AND
    EVENING FROM WESTERN IDAHO INTO WESTERN AND CENTRAL
    WASHINGTON/OREGON....

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered severe thunderstorms are possible this afternoon and
    evening over western Idaho and east of the Cascades in Washington
    and Oregon, capable of damaging gusts, large hail, and perhaps a
    tornado.

    ...WA/OR/ID...
    Morning water vapor imagery shows an upper low over central CA, with
    a strong shortwave trough rotating around the low over central NV.
    This feature is forecast to move into ID/OR later today, with an
    associated 40-50 knot mid level jet affecting the area. Strong
    heating, dewpoints in the upper 40s-lower 50s, and steepening
    mid-level lapse rates will lead to moderate CAPE values over much of
    western ID into central WA/OR, setting the stage for afternoon
    thunderstorms. Activity is expected to first develop across
    southwest ID/southern OR, where sufficient vertical shear would
    support supercell structures capable of large hail and damaging wind
    gusts. Morning CAM guidance suggests activity will organize into
    multiple clusters by evening, tracking northwestward across the
    Columbia Basin into western/central WA. These storms would continue
    to pose a damaging wind threat.

    ...CO...
    Strong heating and sufficient low-level moisture will likely result
    in widely scattered thunderstorms in the foothills of the Front
    Range this afternoon. The strongest cells could produce hail.

    ...KS...
    A remnant weak vorticity max is tracking northward near the OK/KS
    border. Southeasterly low-level winds to the north of the vort max
    may result in sufficient shear for weak rotation in a few storms
    later today. While a brief spin-up over north-central KS cannot be
    ruled out, the overall threat appears too weak for outlook
    probabilities today.

    ..Hart/Lyons.. 05/28/2026

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu May 28 20:02:03 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 282001
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 282000

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0300 PM CDT Thu May 28 2026

    Valid 282000Z - 291200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered severe thunderstorms remain possible this afternoon and
    evening over western Idaho and east of the Cascades in Washington
    and Oregon, capable of damaging gusts, large hail, and perhaps a
    tornado.

    ...20Z Update...
    The previous forecast (see below) remains on track.

    ..Squitieri.. 05/28/2026

    .PREV DISCUSSION... /ISSUED 1108 AM CDT Thu May 28 2026/

    ...WA/OR/ID...
    Morning water vapor imagery shows an upper low over central CA, with
    a strong shortwave trough rotating around the low over central NV.
    This feature is forecast to move into ID/OR later today, with an
    associated 40-50 knot mid level jet affecting the area. Strong
    heating, dewpoints in the upper 40s-lower 50s, and steepening
    mid-level lapse rates will lead to moderate CAPE values over much of
    western ID into central WA/OR, setting the stage for afternoon
    thunderstorms. Activity is expected to first develop across
    southwest ID/southern OR, where sufficient vertical shear would
    support supercell structures capable of large hail and damaging wind
    gusts. Morning CAM guidance suggests activity will organize into
    multiple clusters by evening, tracking northwestward across the
    Columbia Basin into western/central WA. These storms would continue
    to pose a damaging wind threat.

    ...CO...
    Strong heating and sufficient low-level moisture will likely result
    in widely scattered thunderstorms in the foothills of the Front
    Range this afternoon. The strongest cells could produce hail.

    ...KS...
    A remnant weak vorticity max is tracking northward near the OK/KS
    border. Southeasterly low-level winds to the north of the vort max
    may result in sufficient shear for weak rotation in a few storms
    later today. While a brief spin-up over north-central KS cannot be
    ruled out, the overall threat appears too weak for outlook
    probabilities today.

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri May 29 00:56:05 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 290056
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 290054

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0754 PM CDT Thu May 28 2026

    Valid 290100Z - 291200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS NORTHERN
    OREGON INTO EASTERN WASHINGTON AND NORTHERN IDAHO...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered severe thunderstorms remain possible this evening east of
    the Cascades in Washington and Oregon into western Idaho and
    Montana. The primary hazards will be large hail and scattered severe
    wind gusts.

    ...Synopsis...
    As of 01 UTC, scattered to widespread thunderstorms continue to
    develop ahead of an inverted trough axis from central OR (where a
    more focused vorticity maximum is noted in GOES imagery) into
    north-central MT. More isolated and short-lived convection continues
    to develop within a weak up-slope flow regime along the CO front
    range. While the potential for severe convection should quickly wane
    after 03 UTC across the central High Plains, a severe hail and wind
    threat will persist through late evening across the Pacific
    Northwest.

    ...Pacific Northwest...
    Regional radar depicts a myriad of convective modes ranging from
    broken bands across central OR to splitting supercells across
    eastern WA, ID, and northwest MT. This activity will continue to
    spread northwestward as the inverted mid-level trough shifts west
    towards the Pacific Northwest coast through tonight. A combination
    of surface dewpoints in the 50s and cool mid-level temperatures
    (associated with the mid-level trough axis) continue to support
    MLCAPE values on the order of 1000-2000 J/kg. This buoyancy axis
    should spread northwest in tandem with ongoing storms and help
    maintain some degree of intensity over the next several hours.

    Per regional VWP observations, mid-level winds across WA/ID remain
    near 40-50 knots with decreasing magnitudes with northward extent
    into eastern WA and northern ID. Despite the weaker deep-layer wind
    shear, dewpoint depressions on the order of 25-30 F hint that a
    deeply-mixed boundary layer remains in place downstream of
    approaching storms. The onset of nocturnal cooling should be too shallow/insufficient to offset downdraft accelerations through the
    lowest 1-2 km as convection spreads northwest and cold pools begin
    to amalgamate. Recent CAM guidance shows fairly strong agreement in
    a substantial wind threat spreading north/northwestward across
    eastern WA and northern ID later this evening. Consequently, 15%
    wind and the intensity level 1 contour have been expanded to account
    for this potential.

    ...Colorado...
    Convection across the CO Front Range has been fairly transient and
    tied to the terrain over the past couple of hours, largely due to
    the weak up-slope flow regime. However, latest GOES imagery
    continues to show deep cumulus development in proximity to the
    Denver area, and recent RAP mesoanalysis show sufficient deep-layer
    wind shear for at least transient organized convection capable of a
    brief large hail threat. This environment, and the overall severe
    threat, should wane through 03 UTC.

    ..Moore.. 05/29/2026

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri May 29 05:55:07 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 290555
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 290553

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    1253 AM CDT Fri May 29 2026

    Valid 291200Z - 301200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PORTIONS OF
    WESTERN TEXAS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered strong to severe storms capable of sporadic large hail and
    scattered severe winds are expected this afternoon and evening
    across portions of western Texas. More isolated severe thunderstorms
    are likely across parts of the central High Plains, southern Utah,
    and the northern Rockies.

    ...Synopsis...
    Late-evening water-vapor imagery reveals an upper low over central
    CA with a subtropic jet emanating out of Baja CA into the southern
    Rockies. Over the next 24 hours both of these features will migrate east/northeast into the central and southern High Plains. Despite
    some weakening of the upper wave, 25-35 knot mid-level flow will
    overspread the central and southern High Plains where low-level
    moisture is gradually increasing within a weak east/southeasterly
    flow regime. The combination of modest broad-scale ascent and
    strengthening deep-layer shear atop a moistening low-level air mass
    should support the potential for a few strong to severe
    thunderstorms during and after peak heating from southern TX
    northward across the southern Plains and into parts of the central
    High Plains.

    Elsewhere, orographic ascent within the northern Rockies will
    support another day of isolated to widely scattered thunderstorms,
    including a few severe storms. A migratory upper trough over the
    central CONUS will continue to support scattered, but weak,
    thunderstorms across the OH Valley and Southeast states this
    afternoon.

    ...Southern Plains and central High Plains...
    Thunderstorm development is expected by mid-afternoon across western
    TX into eastern CO along a modestly deepening lee surface trough
    where ascent should be focused and mixed-layer inhibition minimized.
    Slightly stronger synoptic ascent across the southern High Plains
    should promote higher thunderstorm coverage across western TX/TX
    Panhandle region with more isolated coverage with northward extent.
    15% wind probabilities were introduced across portions of western TX
    to reflect the potential for higher storm coverage.

    Across both the southern and central High Plains warm low-level
    conditions/deep boundary-layer mixing combined with weak flow within
    the lowest 1-3 km will likely promote outflow dominant storms with
    an attendant threat for severe gusts. Stronger mid-level flow across
    western TX may support a more prolonged severe threat, and possibly
    a few transient supercells capable of large hail and/or organized
    bands capable of gusts upwards of 75 mph. Through the late evening,
    isentropic ascent near the terminus of the nocturnal jet may support
    elevated, loosely organized convection across portions of northwest
    OK and western KS.

    ...Northern Rockies/Montana...
    Diurnally-driven orographic ascent within the terrain of northern ID
    and southwest MT will likely support isolated thunderstorm
    development by late afternoon given weak capping and northward
    advection of steep mid-level lapse rates. Residual low-level
    moisture across north-central MT (dewpoints in the upper 40s to low
    50s) coupled with 30-35 knot southerly mid-level flow will likely
    promote intensification and some degree of organization (possibly
    into transient supercells and/or organized bands) through the early
    evening hours. Sporadic large hail and severe gusts appear possible
    with the most intense convection as it spreads north towards the
    Canadian border.

    ...Southern Utah...
    5% wind probabilities were introduced across southern to southeast
    UT where weak, high-based convection may support a few strong to
    severe dry downbursts. Although latest CAM ensemble guidance depicts
    scant buoyancy (MUCAPE between 100-250 J/kg) and very transient
    convection, a very deep boundary layer (LCL values upwards of 3 km)
    featuring 25-35 knot flow will likely promote sporadic strong to
    severe wind gusts.

    ..Moore/Marsh.. 05/29/2026

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri May 29 12:42:46 2026
    ACUS01 KWNS 291242
    SWODY1
    SPC AC 291241

    Day 1 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0741 AM CDT Fri May 29 2026

    Valid 291300Z - 301200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FOR WEST TEXAS
    INTO FAR SOUTHWESTERN OKLAHOMA...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered strong to severe storms capable of sporadic large hail and
    scattered severe winds are expected this afternoon and evening
    across portions of western Texas. More isolated severe thunderstorms
    are likely across parts of the central High Plains, southern Utah,
    and the northern Rockies.

    ...Southern Plains and central High Plains...
    Water-vapor imagery shows a mid-level low migrating eastward across
    the Mojave Desert towards the southern Great Basin. A 90-kt 250-mb sub-tropical jet over Baja and Sonora Mexico will progress eastward
    into the southern High Plains by this afternoon. The nose of this
    speed max will overspread a moist sector east of a dryline where
    severe thunderstorm development is forecast later this
    afternoon/evening. Farther north, a modestly deepening lee trough
    will focus storm initiation over the central High Plains.

    Despite some mid and high-level clouds, model guidance shows strong
    heating this afternoon and erosion of appreciable convective
    inhibition by mid afternoon. A mid-level disturbance implied in
    satellite imagery this morning over central NM will move northeast
    into western KS and the TX Panhandle by early evening. Scattered
    thunderstorms are forecast to develop near the dryline/lee trough.
    Forecast hodographs show some elongation across west TX due to the
    nose the upper speed max. Have included 15-percent hail
    probabilities where supercell development appears greatest [due in
    part to more favorable hodographs and within the northern rim of
    richer moisture sampled by the 12 UTC Del Rio, TX raob (17.3 g/kg
    mean mixing ratio)]. Large hail (1.5 to 2.5 inches in diameter)
    will be possible with the supercells. Severe gusts are forecast to
    become more prevalent during the evening as mergers and outflow
    consolidate into a few linear clusters. Severe gusts of 60-80 mph
    are possible as this activity shifts eastward into the Low Rolling
    Plains and southwest OK during the evening.

    Through the late evening, isentropic ascent near the terminus of the
    nocturnal jet may support elevated, loosely organized convection
    across portions of northwest OK and western KS. Isolated hail/wind
    may accompany the stronger storms over the central High Plains into
    central OK where storm coverage will probably remain isolated.

    ...Northern Rockies/Montana...
    Diurnally-driven orographic ascent within the terrain of northern ID
    and southwest MT will likely support isolated thunderstorm
    development by late afternoon given weak capping and northward
    advection of steep mid-level lapse rates. Residual low-level
    moisture across north-central MT (dewpoints in the upper 40s to low
    50s) coupled with 30-35 knot southerly mid-level flow will likely
    promote intensification and some degree of organization (possibly
    into transient supercells and/or organized bands) through the early
    evening hours. Sporadic large hail and severe gusts appear possible
    with the most intense convection as it spreads north towards the
    Canadian border.

    ...Southern Utah...
    A few high-based storms developing within a deeply mixed boundary
    layer (inverted-V profile) may yield an isolated risk for severe
    gusts (60-70 mph).

    ..Smith/Kerr.. 05/29/2026

    $$

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